層次遍歷二叉樹java

A. 用java語言實現二叉樹的層次遍歷的非遞歸演算法及查找演算法。

先序非遞歸演算法
【思路】
假設：T是要遍歷樹的根指針，若T != NULL
對於非遞歸演算法，引入棧模擬遞歸工作棧，初始時棧為空。
問題：如何用棧來保存信息，使得在先序遍歷過左子樹後，能利用棧頂信息獲取T的右子樹的根指針？
方法1：訪問T->data後，將T入棧，遍歷左子樹；遍歷完左子樹返回時，棧頂元素應為T，出棧，再先序遍歷T的右子樹。
方法2：訪問T->data後，將T->rchild入棧，遍歷左子樹；遍歷完左子樹返回時，棧頂元素應為T->rchild，出棧，遍歷以該指針為根的子樹。
【演算法1】
void PreOrder(BiTree T, Status ( *Visit ) (ElemType e))

{ // 基於方法一
InitStack(S);
while ( T!=NULL || !StackEmpty(S)){
while ( T != NULL ){
Visit(T->data) ;
Push(S,T);
T = T->lchild;
}
if( !StackEmpty(S) ){
Pop(S,T);
T = T->rchild;
}
}
}
【演算法2】
void PreOrder(BiTree T, Status ( *Visit ) (ElemType e))

{ // 基於方法二
InitStack(S);
while ( T!=NULL || !StackEmpty(S) ){
while ( T != NULL ){
Visit(T->data);
Push(S, T->rchild);
T = T->lchild;
}
if ( !StackEmpty(S) ){
Pop(S,T);
}
}
}
進一步考慮：對於處理流程中的循環體的直到型、當型+直到型的實現。

中序非遞歸演算法
【思路】
T是要遍歷樹的根指針，中序遍歷要求在遍歷完左子樹後，訪問根，再遍歷右子樹。
問題：如何用棧來保存信息，使得在中序遍歷過左子樹後，能利用棧頂信息獲取T指針？
方法：先將T入棧，遍歷左子樹；遍歷完左子樹返回時，棧頂元素應為T，出棧，訪問T->data，再中序遍歷T的右子樹。
【演算法】
void InOrder(BiTree T, Status ( *Visit ) (ElemType e))
{
InitStack(S);
while ( T!=NULL || !StackEmpty(S) ){
while ( T != NULL ){
Push(S,T);
T = T->lchild;
}
if( !StackEmpty(S) ){
Pop(S, T);
Visit(T->data);
T = T->rchild;
}
}
}
進一步考慮：對於處理流程中的循環體的直到型、當型+直到型的實現。

後序非遞歸演算法
【思路】
T是要遍歷樹的根指針，後序遍歷要求在遍歷完左右子樹後，再訪問根。需要判斷根結點的左右子樹是否均遍歷過。
可採用標記法，結點入棧時，配一個標志tag一同入棧(0：遍歷左子樹前的現場保護，1：遍歷右子樹前的現場保護)。
首先將T和tag(為0)入棧，遍歷左子樹；返回後，修改棧頂tag為1，遍歷右子樹；最後訪問根結點。 [Page]
typedef struct stackElement{
Bitree data;
char tag;
}stackElemType;
【演算法】
void PostOrder(BiTree T, Status ( *Visit ) (ElemType e))
{
InitStack(S);
while ( T!=NULL || !StackEmpty(S) ){
while ( T != NULL ){
Push(S,T,0);
T = T->lchild;
}
while ( !StackEmpty(S) && GetTopTag(S)==1){
Pop(S, T);
Visit(T->data);
}
if ( !StackEmpty(S) ){
SetTopTag(S, 1); // 設置棧頂標記
T = GetTopPointer(S); // 取棧頂保存的指針
T = T->rchild;
}else break;
}
}

B. java 構建二叉樹

首先我想問為什麼要用LinkedList 來建立二叉樹呢? LinkedList 是線性表,
樹是樹形的, 似乎不太合適。

其實也可以用數組完成，而且效率更高.
關鍵是我覺得你這個輸入本身就是一個二叉樹啊，
String input = "ABCDE F G";
節點編號從0到8. 層次遍歷的話:
對於節點i.
leftChild = input.charAt(2*i+1); //做子樹
rightChild = input.charAt(2*i+2);//右子樹

如果你要將帶有節點信息的樹存到LinkedList裡面, 先建立一個節點類:
class Node{
public char cValue;
public Node leftChild;
public Node rightChild;
public Node(v){
this.cValue = v;
}
}

然後遍歷input,建立各個節點對象.
LinkedList tree = new LinkedList();
for(int i=0;i< input.length;i++)
LinkedList.add(new Node(input.charAt(i)));

然後為各個節點設置左右子樹:
for(int i=0;i<input.length;i++){
((Node)tree.get(i)).leftChild = (Node)tree.get(2*i+1);
((Node)tree.get(i)).rightChild = (Node)tree.get(2*i+2);

}

這樣LinkedList 就存儲了整個二叉樹. 而第0個元素就是樹根，思路大體是這樣吧。

C. java構建二叉樹演算法

下面是你第一個問題的解法，是構建了樹以後又把後序輸出的程序。以前寫的，可以把輸出後序的部分刪除，還有檢驗先序中序的輸入是否合法的代碼也可以不要。/*****TreeNode.java*********/public class TreeNode {
char elem;
TreeNode left;
TreeNode right;
}/*******PlantTree.java*********/import java.io.*;
public class PlantTree {
TreeNode root;
public static void main(String[] args) {
PlantTree seed=new PlantTree();
String preorder=null;
String inorder=null;
try {
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println("Please input the preorder");
preorder=br.readLine();
System.out.println("Please input the inorder");
inorder=br.readLine();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}

if(preorder!=null&&seed.checkTree(preorder,inorder)) {

seed.root=new TreeNode();
seed.root.elem=preorder.charAt(0);
seed.makeTree(preorder,inorder,seed.root);
System.out.println("The tree has been planted,the postorder is:");
seed.printPostorder(seed.root);
}
}

void makeTree(String preorder,String inorder,TreeNode root) {
int i=inorder.lastIndexOf(root.elem);

if(i!=0) {//有左子樹
String leftPre=preorder.substring(1, i+1);
String leftIn=inorder.substring(0,i);
TreeNode leftNode=new TreeNode();
leftNode.elem=leftPre.charAt(0);
root.left=leftNode;
makeTree(leftPre,leftIn,leftNode);
}
if(i!=inorder.length()-1) {//有右子樹
String rightPre=preorder.substring(i+1,preorder.length());
String rightIn=inorder.substring(i+1,inorder.length());
TreeNode rightNode=new TreeNode();
rightNode.elem=rightPre.charAt(0);
root.right=rightNode;
makeTree(rightPre,rightIn,rightNode);
}

}
void printPostorder(TreeNode root) {
if(root.left!=null)
printPostorder(root.left);
if(root.right!=null)
printPostorder(root.right);
System.out.print(root.elem);

}
boolean checkTree(String a,String b) {
for(int i=0;i<a.length();i++) {
if(i!=a.lastIndexOf(a.charAt(i))) {
System.out.println("There are same element in the tree");
return false;
}
if(!b.contains(""+a.charAt(i))) {
System.out.println("Invalid input");
return false;
}

}
if(a.length()==b.length())
return true;
return false;
}
}

D. java 遞歸 算 二叉樹 層級

層次遍歷從方法上不具有遞歸的形式，所以一般不用遞歸實現。當然了，非要寫成遞歸肯定也是可以的，大致方法如下。 void LevelOrder(BTree T, int cnt) { BTree level = malloc(sizeof(struct BTNode)*cnt); if(level==NULL) return; int i=0,rear=0; if(cnt==0) return; for(i=0; i<cnt; i++){ printf("%c ",T[i].data); if(T[i].lchild) level[rear++]=*T[i].lchild; if(T[i].rchild) level[rear++]=*T[i].rchild; } printf("\n"); LevelOrder(level, rear); free(level); } 補充一下，在main裡面調用的時候就得用LevelOrder(T,1)了。

E. java實現二叉樹層次遍歷

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class TreeNode {
private TreeNode leftNode;
private TreeNode rightNode;
private String nodeName;
public TreeNode getLeftNode() {
return leftNode;
}

public void setLeftNode(TreeNode leftNode) {
this.leftNode = leftNode;
}

public TreeNode getRightNode() {
return rightNode;
}

public void setRightNode(TreeNode rightNode) {
this.rightNode = rightNode;
}

public String getNodeName() {
return nodeName;
}

public void setNodeName(String nodeName) {
this.nodeName = nodeName;
}
public static int level=0;

public static void findNodeByLevel(ArrayList<TreeNode> nodes){
if(nodes==null||nodes.size()==0){
return ;
}
level++;
ArrayList<TreeNode> temp = new ArrayList();
for(TreeNode node:nodes){
System.out.println("第"+level+"層:"+node.getNodeName());
if(node.getLeftNode()!=null){
temp.add(node.getLeftNode());
}
if(node.getRightNode()!=null){
temp.add(node.getRightNode());
}
}
nodes.removeAll(nodes);
findNodeByLevel(temp);
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
TreeNode root = new TreeNode();
root.setNodeName("root");
TreeNode node1 = new TreeNode();
node1.setNodeName("node1");

TreeNode node3 = new TreeNode();
node3.setNodeName("node3");

TreeNode node7 = new TreeNode();
node7.setNodeName("node7");
TreeNode node8 = new TreeNode();
node8.setNodeName("node8");

TreeNode node4 = new TreeNode();
node4.setNodeName("node4");

TreeNode node2 = new TreeNode();
node2.setNodeName("node2");

TreeNode node5 = new TreeNode();
node5.setNodeName("node5");
TreeNode node6 = new TreeNode();
node6.setNodeName("node6");

root.setLeftNode(node1);

node1.setLeftNode(node3);

node3.setLeftNode(node7);
node3.setRightNode(node8);

node1.setRightNode(node4);

root.setRightNode(node2);

node2.setLeftNode(node5);
node2.setRightNode(node6);

ArrayList<TreeNode> nodes = new ArrayList<TreeNode>();
nodes.add(root);
findNodeByLevel(nodes);

}

}

F. 二叉樹的層次遍歷演算法

二叉樹的層次遍歷演算法有如下三種方法：

給定一棵二叉樹，要求進行分層遍歷，每層的節點值單獨列印一行，下圖給出事例結構：

之後大家就可以自己畫圖了，下面給出程序代碼：

[cpp] view plain

void print_by_level_3(Tree T) {

vector<tree_node_t*> vec;

vec.push_back(T);

int cur = 0;

int end = 1;

while (cur < vec.size()) {

end = vec.size();

while (cur < end) {

cout << vec[cur]->data << " ";

if (vec[cur]->lchild)

vec.push_back(vec[cur]->lchild);

if (vec[cur]->rchild)

vec.push_back(vec[cur]->rchild);

cur++;

}

cout << endl;

}

}

最後給出完成代碼的測試用例：124##57##8##3#6##

[cpp] view plain

#include<iostream>

#include<vector>

#include<deque>

using namespace std;

typedef struct tree_node_s {

char data;

struct tree_node_s *lchild;

struct tree_node_s *rchild;

}tree_node_t, *Tree;

void create_tree(Tree *T) {

char c = getchar();

if (c == '#') {

*T = NULL;

} else {

*T = (tree_node_t*)malloc(sizeof(tree_node_t));

(*T)->data = c;

create_tree(&(*T)->lchild);

create_tree(&(*T)->rchild);

}

}

void print_tree(Tree T) {

if (T) {

cout << T->data << " ";

print_tree(T->lchild);

print_tree(T->rchild);

}

}

int print_at_level(Tree T, int level) {

if (!T || level < 0)

return 0;

if (0 == level) {

cout << T->data << " ";

return 1;

}

return print_at_level(T->lchild, level - 1) + print_at_level(T->rchild, level - 1);

}

void print_by_level_1(Tree T) {

int i = 0;

for (i = 0; ; i++) {

if (!print_at_level(T, i))

break;

}

cout << endl;

}

void print_by_level_2(Tree T) {

deque<tree_node_t*> q_first, q_second;

q_first.push_back(T);

while(!q_first.empty()) {

while (!q_first.empty()) {

tree_node_t *temp = q_first.front();

q_first.pop_front();

cout << temp->data << " ";

if (temp->lchild)

q_second.push_back(temp->lchild);

if (temp->rchild)

q_second.push_back(temp->rchild);

}

cout << endl;

q_first.swap(q_second);

}

}

void print_by_level_3(Tree T) {

vector<tree_node_t*> vec;

vec.push_back(T);

int cur = 0;

int end = 1;

while (cur < vec.size()) {

end = vec.size();

while (cur < end) {

cout << vec[cur]->data << " ";

if (vec[cur]->lchild)

vec.push_back(vec[cur]->lchild);

if (vec[cur]->rchild)

vec.push_back(vec[cur]->rchild);

cur++;

}

cout << endl;

}

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

Tree T = NULL;

create_tree(&T);

print_tree(T);

cout << endl;

print_by_level_3(T);

cin.get();

cin.get();

return 0;

}

G. java 由字元串構成的二叉樹

java構造二叉樹，可以通過鏈表來構造，如下代碼：

public class BinTree {public final static int MAX=40;BinTree []elements = new BinTree[MAX];//層次遍歷時保存各個節點 int front;//層次遍歷時隊首 int rear;//層次遍歷時隊尾private Object data; //數據元數private BinTree left,right; //指向左,右孩子結點的鏈public BinTree(){}public BinTree(Object data){ //構造有值結點 this.data = data; left = right = null;}public BinTree(Object data,BinTree left,BinTree right){ //構造有值結點 this.data = data; this.left = left; this.right = right;}public String toString(){ return data.toString();}//前序遍歷二叉樹public static void preOrder(BinTree parent){ if(parent == null) return; System.out.print(parent.data+" "); preOrder(parent.left); preOrder(parent.right);}//中序遍歷二叉樹public void inOrder(BinTree parent){ if(parent == null) return; inOrder(parent.left); System.out.print(parent.data+" "); inOrder(parent.right);}//後序遍歷二叉樹public void postOrder(BinTree parent){ if(parent == null) return; postOrder(parent.left); postOrder(parent.right); System.out.print(parent.data+" ");}// 層次遍歷二叉樹 public void LayerOrder(BinTree parent){ elements[0]=parent; front=0;rear=1; while(front<rear) { try { if(elements[front].data!=null) { System.out.print(elements[front].data + " "); if(elements[front].left!=null) elements[rear++]=elements[front].left; if(elements[front].right!=null) elements[rear++]=elements[front].right; front++; } }catch(Exception e){break;} }}//返回樹的葉節點個數public int leaves(){ if(this == null) return 0; if(left == null&&right == null) return 1; return (left == null ? 0 : left.leaves())+(right == null ? 0 : right.leaves());}//結果返回樹的高度public int height(){ int heightOfTree; if(this == null) return -1; int leftHeight = (left == null ? 0 : left.height()); int rightHeight = (right == null ? 0 : right.height()); heightOfTree = leftHeight<rightHeight?rightHeight:leftHeight; return 1 + heightOfTree;}//如果對象不在樹中,結果返回-1;否則結果返回該對象在樹中所處的層次,規定根節點為第一層public int level(Object object){ int levelInTree; if(this == null) return -1; if(object == data) return 1;//規定根節點為第一層 int leftLevel = (left == null?-1:left.level(object)); int rightLevel = (right == null?-1:right.level(object)); if(leftLevel<0&&rightLevel<0) return -1; levelInTree = leftLevel<rightLevel?rightLevel:leftLevel; return 1+levelInTree; }//將樹中的每個節點的孩子對換位置public void reflect(){ if(this == null) return; if(left != null) left.reflect(); if(right != null) right.reflect(); BinTree temp = left; left = right; right = temp;}// 將樹中的所有節點移走,並輸出移走的節點public void defoliate(){ if(this == null) return; //若本節點是葉節點，則將其移走 if(left==null&&right == null) { System.out.print(this + " "); data = null; return; } //移走左子樹若其存在 if(left!=null){ left.defoliate(); left = null; } //移走本節點，放在中間表示中跟移走... String innerNode += this + " "; data = null; //移走右子樹若其存在 if(right!=null){ right.defoliate(); right = null; }} /*** @param args*/public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub BinTree e = new BinTree("E"); BinTree g = new BinTree("G"); BinTree h = new BinTree("H"); BinTree i = new BinTree("I"); BinTree d = new BinTree("D",null,g); BinTree f = new BinTree("F",h,i); BinTree b = new BinTree("B",d,e); BinTree c = new BinTree("C",f,null); BinTree tree = new BinTree("A",b,c); System.out.println("前序遍歷二叉樹結果: "); tree.preOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("中序遍歷二叉樹結果: "); tree.inOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("後序遍歷二叉樹結果: "); tree.postOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("層次遍歷二叉樹結果: "); tree.LayerOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("F所在的層次: "+tree.level("F")); System.out.println("這棵二叉樹的高度: "+tree.height()); System.out.println("--------------------------------------"); tree.reflect(); System.out.println("交換每個節點的孩子節點後......"); System.out.println("前序遍歷二叉樹結果: "); tree.preOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("中序遍歷二叉樹結果: "); tree.inOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("後序遍歷二叉樹結果: "); tree.postOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("層次遍歷二叉樹結果: "); tree.LayerOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("F所在的層次: "+tree.level("F")); System.out.println("這棵二叉樹的高度: "+tree.height());

H. 用java怎麼構造一個二叉樹呢

二叉樹的相關操作，包括創建，中序、先序、後序（遞歸和非遞歸），其中重點的是java在先序創建二叉樹和後序非遞歸遍歷的的實現。
package com.algorithm.tree;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Stack;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;

public class Tree<T> {

private Node<T> root;

public Tree() {
}

public Tree(Node<T> root) {
this.root = root;
}

//創建二叉樹
public void buildTree() {

Scanner scn = null;
try {
scn = new Scanner(new File("input.txt"));
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
root = createTree(root,scn);
}
//先序遍歷創建二叉樹
private Node<T> createTree(Node<T> node,Scanner scn) {

String temp = scn.next();

if (temp.trim().equals("#")) {
return null;
} else {
node = new Node<T>((T)temp);
node.setLeft(createTree(node.getLeft(), scn));
node.setRight(createTree(node.getRight(), scn));
return node;
}

}

//中序遍歷(遞歸)
public void inOrderTraverse() {
inOrderTraverse(root);
}

public void inOrderTraverse(Node<T> node) {
if (node != null) {
inOrderTraverse(node.getLeft());
System.out.println(node.getValue());
inOrderTraverse(node.getRight());
}
}

//中序遍歷(非遞歸)
public void nrInOrderTraverse() {

Stack<Node<T>> stack = new Stack<Node<T>>();
Node<T> node = root;
while (node != null || !stack.isEmpty()) {
while (node != null) {
stack.push(node);
node = node.getLeft();
}
node = stack.pop();
System.out.println(node.getValue());
node = node.getRight();

}

}
//先序遍歷(遞歸)
public void preOrderTraverse() {
preOrderTraverse(root);
}

public void preOrderTraverse(Node<T> node) {
if (node != null) {
System.out.println(node.getValue());
preOrderTraverse(node.getLeft());
preOrderTraverse(node.getRight());
}
}

//先序遍歷（非遞歸）
public void nrPreOrderTraverse() {

Stack<Node<T>> stack = new Stack<Node<T>>();
Node<T> node = root;

while (node != null || !stack.isEmpty()) {

while (node != null) {
System.out.println(node.getValue());
stack.push(node);
node = node.getLeft();
}
node = stack.pop();
node = node.getRight();
}

}

//後序遍歷(遞歸)
public void postOrderTraverse() {
postOrderTraverse(root);
}

public void postOrderTraverse(Node<T> node) {
if (node != null) {
postOrderTraverse(node.getLeft());
postOrderTraverse(node.getRight());
System.out.println(node.getValue());
}
}

//後續遍歷(非遞歸)
public void nrPostOrderTraverse() {

Stack<Node<T>> stack = new Stack<Node<T>>();
Node<T> node = root;
Node<T> preNode = null;//表示最近一次訪問的節點

while (node != null || !stack.isEmpty()) {

while (node != null) {
stack.push(node);
node = node.getLeft();
}

node = stack.peek();

if (node.getRight() == null || node.getRight() == preNode) {
System.out.println(node.getValue());
node = stack.pop();
preNode = node;
node = null;
} else {
node = node.getRight();
}

}

}

//按層次遍歷
public void levelTraverse() {
levelTraverse(root);
}

public void levelTraverse(Node<T> node) {

Queue<Node<T>> queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Node<T>>();
queue.add(node);
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {

Node<T> temp = queue.poll();
if (temp != null) {
System.out.println(temp.getValue());
queue.add(temp.getLeft());
queue.add(temp.getRight());
}

}

}

}

//樹的節點

class Node<T> {

private Node<T> left;
private Node<T> right;
private T value;

public Node() {
}
public Node(Node<T> left,Node<T> right,T value) {
this.left = left;
this.right = right;
this.value = value;
}

public Node(T value) {
this(null,null,value);
}
public Node<T> getLeft() {
return left;
}
public void setLeft(Node<T> left) {
this.left = left;
}
public Node<T> getRight() {
return right;
}
public void setRight(Node<T> right) {
this.right = right;
}
public T getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(T value) {
this.value = value;
}

}
測試代碼：
package com.algorithm.tree;

public class TreeTest {

/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
Tree<Integer> tree = new Tree<Integer>();
tree.buildTree();
System.out.println("中序遍歷");
tree.inOrderTraverse();
tree.nrInOrderTraverse();
System.out.println("後續遍歷");
//tree.nrPostOrderTraverse();
tree.postOrderTraverse();
tree.nrPostOrderTraverse();
System.out.println("先序遍歷");
tree.preOrderTraverse();
tree.nrPreOrderTraverse();

//
}

}

I. 用java怎麼構造一個二叉樹

定義一個結點類：
public class Node {
private int value;
private Node leftNode;
private Node rightNode;

public Node getRightNode() {
return rightNode;
}
public void setRightNode(Node rightNode) {
this.rightNode = rightNode;
}
public int getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(int value) {
this.value = value;
}
public Node getLeftNode() {
return leftNode;
}
public void setLeftNode(Node leftNode) {
this.leftNode = leftNode;
}

}

初始化結點樹：
public void initNodeTree()
{
int nodeNumber;
HashMap<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
Node nodeTree = new Node();

Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in);

nodeNumber = reader.nextInt();
for(int i = 0; i < nodeNumber; i++) {
int value = reader.nextInt();
String str = reader.next();
map.put(str, value);
}

if (map.containsKey("#")) {
int value = map.get("#");
nodeTree.setValue(value);
setChildNode(map, value, nodeTree);
}

preTraversal(nodeTree);
}

private void setChildNode(HashMap<String, Integer> map, int nodeValue, Node parentNode) {
int value = 0;
if (map.containsKey("L" + nodeValue)) {
value = map.get("L" + nodeValue);
Node leftNode = new Node();
leftNode.setValue(value);
parentNode.setLeftNode(leftNode);

setChildNode(map, value, leftNode);
}

if (map.containsKey("R" + nodeValue)) {
value = map.get("R" + nodeValue);
Node rightNode = new Node();
rightNode.setValue(value);
parentNode.setRightNode(rightNode);

setChildNode(map, value, rightNode);
}
}

前序遍歷該結點樹：
public void preTraversal(Node nodeTree) {
if (nodeTree != null) {
System.out.print(nodeTree.getValue() + "\t");
preTraversal(nodeTree.getLeftNode());
preTraversal(nodeTree.getRightNode());
}
}

J. 層序遍歷二叉樹

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define m 100
typedef char etype;
typedef struct bitnode
{
etype data;
struct bitnode *lch,*rch;
}bitnode,*bitree;
bitree que[m];
int front=0,rear=0;
bitnode *creat_bt1();
bitnode *creat_bt2();
void preorder(bitnode *p);
void inorder(bitnode *p);
void postorder(bitnode *p);
void enqueue(bitree);
bitree delqueue();
void levorder(bitree);
int treedepth(bitree);
void prtbtree(bitree,int);
void exchange(bitree);
int leafcount(bitree);
void paintleaf(bitree);
bitnode *t;
int count=0;
void main()
{
char ch;int k;
do{
printf("\n\n\n");
printf("\n==========主菜單==============");
printf("\n 1.建立二叉樹方法 1");
printf("\n 2.建立二叉樹方法 2");
printf("\n 3.先序遞歸遍歷二叉樹");
printf("\n 4.中序遞歸遍歷二叉樹");
printf("\n 5.後序遞歸遍歷二叉樹");
printf("\n 6.層次遍歷二叉樹");
printf("\n 7.計算二叉樹的高度");
printf("\n 8.計算二叉樹中葉結點個數");
printf("\n 9.交換二叉樹的左右子樹");
printf("\n 10.列印二叉樹");
printf("\n 0.結束程序運行");
printf("\n===============================");
printf("\n 請輸入您的選擇(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)");
scanf("%d",&k);
switch(k)
{case 1:t=creat_bt1();break;
case 2:printf("\n請輸入二叉樹各節點的值：");fflush(stdin);
t=creat_bt2();break;
case 3:if(t)
{printf("先序遍歷二叉樹：");
preorder(t);
printf("\n");
}
else printf("二叉樹為空!\n");
break;
case 4:if(t)
{printf("中序遍歷二叉樹：");
inorder(t);
printf("\n");
}
else printf("二叉樹為空!\n");
break;
case 5:if(t)
{printf("後序遍歷二叉樹：");
postorder(t);
printf("\n");
}
else printf("二叉樹為空!\n");
break;
case 6:if(t)
{printf("層次遍歷二叉樹：");
levorder(t);
printf("\n");
}
else printf("二叉樹為空!\n");
break;
case 7:if(t)
{printf("二叉樹的高度為：%d",treedepth(t));
printf("\n");
}
else printf("二叉樹為空!\n");
break;
case 8:if(t)
{printf("二叉樹的葉子結點數為：%d\n",leafcount(t));
printf("二叉樹的葉結點數為：");paintleaf(t);
printf("\n");
}
else printf("二叉樹為空!\n");
break;
case 9:if(t)
{printf("二叉樹的左右子樹：\n");
exchange(t);
prtbtree(t,0);
printf("\n");
}
else printf("二叉樹為空!\n");
break;
case 10:if(t)
{printf("逆時針旋轉90度輸出的二叉樹：\n");
prtbtree(t,0);
printf("\n");
}
else printf("二叉樹為空!\n");
break;
case 0:exit(0);
}
}while(k>=1&&k<=10);
printf("\n再見! 按回車鍵，返回…\n");
ch=getchar();
}
bitnode *creat_bt1()
{
bitnode *t,*p,*v[20];int i,j;etype e;
printf("\n請輸入二叉樹各結點的編號和對應的值(如：1，a):");
scanf("%d,%c",&i,&e);
while(i!=0&&e!='#')
{
p=(bitnode *)malloc(sizeof(bitnode));
p->data=e;p->lch=NULL;p->rch=NULL;
v[i]=p;
if(i==1)t=p;
else
{j=i/2;
if(i%2==0) v[j]->lch=p;
else
v[j]->rch=p;
}
printf("\n 請繼續輸入二叉樹各結點的編號和對應的值：");
scanf("%d,%c",&i,&e);
}
return(t);
}
bitnode *creat_bt2()
{
bitnode *t;etype e;
scanf("%c",&e);
if(e=='#')
t=NULL;
else
{
t=(bitnode *)malloc(sizeof(bitnode));
t->data=e;
t->lch=creat_bt2();
t->rch=creat_bt2();
}
return(t);
}
void preorder(bitnode *p){
if(p)
{
printf("%3c",p->data);
preorder(p->lch);
preorder(p->rch);
}
}
void inorder(bitnode *p)
{
if(p){

inorder(p->lch);
printf("%3c",p->data);
inorder(p->rch);
}
}
void postorder(bitnode *p)
{
if(p)
{
postorder(p->lch);
postorder(p->rch);
printf("%3c",p->data);
}
}
void enqueue(bitree T)
{
if(front!=(rear+1)%m)
{rear=(rear+1)%m;
que[rear]=T;}
}
bitree delqueue()
{
if(front==rear)return NULL;
front=(front+1)%m;
return(que[front]);
}
void levorder(bitree T)
{
bitree p;
if(T)
{
enqueue(T);
while(front!=rear)
{
p=delqueue();
printf("%3c",p->data);
if(p->lch!=NULL)enqueue(p->lch);
if(p->rch!=NULL)enqueue(p->rch);
}
}
}
int treedepth(bitree bt)
{
int hl,hr,max;
if(bt!=NULL)
{
hl=treedepth(bt->lch);
hr=treedepth(bt->rch);
max=(hl>hr)? hl:hr;
return(max+1);
}
else
return(0);
}
void prtbtree(bitree bt,int level)
{
int j;
if(bt){
prtbtree(bt->rch,level+1);
for(j=0;j<=6*level+1;j++)printf(" ");
printf("%c\n",bt->data);
prtbtree(bt->lch,level+1);
}
}
void exchange(bitree bt)
{
bitree p;
if(bt)
{p=bt->lch;bt->lch=bt->rch;bt->rch=p;
exchange(bt->lch);exchange(bt->rch);
}
}
int leafcount(bitree bt)
{
if(bt!=NULL)
{
leafcount(bt->lch);
leafcount(bt->rch);
if((bt->lch==NULL)&&(bt->rch==NULL))
count++;
}
return(count);
}
void paintleaf(bitree bt)
{
if(bt!=NULL)
{
if(bt->lch==NULL&&bt->rch==NULL)
printf("%3c",bt->data);
paintleaf(bt->lch);
paintleaf(bt->rch);
}
}