Ⅰ linux怎麼搭建Web伺服器
Linux系統使用AMH就可以簡單方便的搭建web伺服器
一、使用xshell登錄linux伺服器
至此,在linux下的web伺服器已經安裝完成
Ⅱ Linux涓媁eb鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ灦璁炬敾鐣
浠婂ぉ鎴戜滑鏉ョ湅鐪嬪備綍灝哤eb鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ灦鍦↙inux緋葷粺涓嬨
LINUX緋葷粺涓甯歌佺殑鏈夛細CERN銆丯CSA銆丄pache涓夌嶆柟寮忥紝涓鑸鏈甯哥敤鐨勬柟娉曞氨鏄鐢ˋpache銆傛ょ嶆柟寮忕壒鐐規槑鏄撅紝閰嶇疆綆鏄庯紝鍏鋒湁鏈澶х殑瀵圭郴緇熷吋瀹規э紝浠ヤ笅鏄鐢ㄦゆ柟寮忛厤緗鍩轟簬Linux鐨刉EB鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑鍏ㄨ繃紼嬨
涓錛 Apache鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ叏榪般
鍏剁壒寰佹槸鏄捐憲鐨勶細鍙浠ヨ繍琛屼簬鎵鏈夎$畻鏈哄鉤鍙幫紝鑷鐒跺寘鎷琔NIX/LINUX緋葷粺錛涢泦鎴愪唬鐞嗘湇鍔″櫒鍜孭erl緙栫▼鑴氭湰錛涘圭敤鎴風殑璁塊棶浼氳瘽榪囩▼璺熻釜錛涘彲瀵規湇鍔″櫒鏃ュ織瀹氬埗錛涜繕鏀鎸佽櫄鎷熶富鏈哄強HTTP璁よ瘉絳夌瓑銆傚啀閰嶅悎LINUX緋葷粺鏈韜鐨勫己澶э紝鎴戜滑娌$悊鐢變笉閫夋嫨Apache銆
浜岋紟 瀹夎匒pache銆
涓鑸璇存潵錛屾墍鏈塋inux鐗堟湰搴旇ュ寘鍚鏈夋よ蔣浠跺寘鐨勫畨瑁咃紝濡傛灉浣犲湪瀹夎匧inux緋葷粺娌℃湁瀹夎呮よ蔣浠跺寘錛屽彲浠ヤ粠瀹夎呭厜鐩樻垨鏄http://www.apache.org/緗戠珯涓婃壘鍒板叾瀹夎呮枃浠訛紙娉ㄦ剰緗戜笂鏈変袱縐嶇増鏈錛氫竴縐嶆槸涓嬭澆鍚庨渶閲嶆柊緙栬瘧鐨勬簮浠g爜錛屼竴縐嶆槸鍙闇瑙e帇灝卞彲浣跨敤鐨勫彲鎵ц屾枃浠訛級錛岀劧鍚庢墽琛屽畨瑁呭嵆鍙銆
1. 濡傛灉浣犱笅杞界殑鏄鍙鎵ц屾枃浠跺寘濡傦細apache_1.2.4.e.tar.gz錛堝綋涓鐨勬暟瀛楄嗕綘涓嬭澆鐨勭増鏈鑰屽畾錛屾や負涓句緥錛夛紝閭h繖灝辯浉瀵圭畝鍗曪紝姣旇緝閫傚悎瀵筁inux緙栬瘧涓嶇啛鎮夌殑鍒濈駭鐢ㄦ埛錛屽彧闇鎵ц岋細tar xvzf apache_1.2.3.4.tar.gz鍗沖彲瀹屾垚瀹夎呫
2. 濡傛灉涓嬭澆鐨勬槸婧愪唬鐮佸傦細apache_1.2.4.rpm錛屽垯鍏堢敤rpm 鈥搃vh apache_1.2.4.rpm瀹夎咃紝鐒跺悗鍦╯rc鐩褰曚笅鎵ц屸./configure鈥;鎺ョ潃鎵ц屸渕ake鈥濆懡浠ょ紪璇慉pache錛涙帴鐫灝嗙紪璇戝ソ鐨勫彲鎵ц屾枃浠跺嶅埗鍒/etc/httpd/bin鐩褰曚笅錛涘啀灝咥pache鐨勯厤緗鏂囦歡錛歨ttpd.conf銆乤ccess.conf 銆乻rm.conf鍜宮ime.types澶嶅埗鍒/etc/httpd/conf鐩褰曚笅錛屾墠綆楀畬鎴愬畨瑁呫
涓夛紟 閰嶇疆Apache錛屽疄鐜癢EB鏈嶅姟銆
鍏跺疄錛屽埌鐜板湪浣犵殑Linux宸茬粡寮濮媁EB鏈嶅姟浜嗭紝浣犺佸仛鐨勫彧闇灝哃inux緋葷粺榪炲叆浜掕仈緗戱紝鐒跺悗灝嗕富欏靛瓨鏀句簬鈥/home/httpd鈥濈洰褰曚笅鍗沖彲銆備絾涓轟簡璁╂WEB鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ洿鏈夋晥鐜囩殑宸ヤ綔錛屾垜浠榪橀渶瀵瑰叾浣滀簺璁劇疆錛屽叿浣撻渶瑕侀厤緗鐨勫叾瀹炲氨鏄鍒氭墠澶嶅埗鐨勯偅4涓鏂囦歡銆備互涓嬪瑰叾涓昏佺殑涓や釜閰嶇疆鏂囦歡httpd.conf鍜宎ccess.conf浣滀簺璇存槑錛
1. httpd.conf.
姝ゆ枃浠舵槸涓婚厤緗鏂囦歡錛屼富瑕佺敤鏉ヨ劇疆鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ惎鍔ㄧ殑鍩烘湰鐜澧冿紝涔熷氨鏄璇村畠璐熻矗瀹夋帓WEB鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ庢牱榪愯屻傚叾鐩稿叧璁劇疆鍙傛暟涓猴細
ServerTypestandalone/inetd錛氭ら夐」浣滅敤灝辨槸鎸囧畾浠ヤ綍縐嶆柟寮忚繍琛學EB鏈嶅姟鍣ㄣ傚叾涓璼tandalone鍙傛暟琛ㄧずWEB鏈嶅姟榪涚▼浠ヤ竴涓鍗曠嫭鐨勫畧鍊欒繘紼嬬殑鏂瑰紡鍦ㄥ悗鍙頒睛鍚鏄鍚︽湁瀹㈡埛絝鐨勮鋒眰錛屽傛灉鏈夊氨鐢熸垚涓涓瀛愯繘紼嬫潵涓哄叾鏈嶅姟錛涘叾鏁堢巼鏇撮珮銆備富瑕佹槸璁劇疆涓繪湇鍔″櫒榪涚▼渚﹀惉鐨勭壒瀹氱鍙e湴鍧錛屾柟娉曚負錛歅ort[number] 錛堢己鐪佷負80錛夈
鑰宨netd妯″紡鐩稿箂tandalone鏉ヨ村畠鏇村畨鍏錛屾ゆā寮忎篃鏄疪edHat Linux榪愯孉pache鐨勯粯璁ゆ柟寮忋傚傛灉浣犵殑鐗堟湰涓嶆槸RedHat錛屽垯闇鍦/etc/inetd.conf鏂囦歡閲屽姞鍏ヤ互涓嬩竴鏂拌岋細httpd stream tcp nowait httpd /etc/httpd/bin/httpd 鈥揻 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf錛涚劧鍚庡湪/etc/services鏂囦歡閲屽悓鏍鋒坊鍔犱竴鏂拌岋細httpd 80/tcp httpd鍗沖彲銆
ErrorLog錛氱敤鏉ユ寚瀹氶敊璇璁板綍鐨勬枃浠跺悕縐板拰璺寰勩傛牸寮忓傦細ErrorLog /var/httpd/error.log銆
ServerRoot錛氱敤鏉ユ寚瀹氬皢鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑閰嶇疆鍙婃棩蹇楁枃浠跺瓨浜庝綍澶勩傛牸寮忓傦細ServerRoot /etc/httpd銆
Server Admin錛 璁劇疆WEB綆$悊鍛樼殑E-Mail鍦板潃.鏍煎紡濡傦細Server [email protected]銆
2. srm.conf
榪欐槸Apache鐨勮祫婧愰厤緗鏂囦歡錛屼綔鐢ㄤ負鍛婅瘔鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ綘鎯沖湪WWW絝欑偣涓婃彁渚涚殑璧勬簮鍙婂備綍鎻愪緵錛屽叾涓昏佸弬鏁頒負錛
DocumentRoot: 鐢ㄦ潵鎸囧畾涓繪枃妗g殑鍦板潃銆傛牸寮忓傦細DocumentRoot /home/httpd/html銆
DirectoryIndex錛氳窡windows騫沖彴鐨処IS璁劇疆涓鏍鳳紝鐢ㄦ潵鎸囧畾棣栭〉鏂囦歡鐨勫悕縐般傚ぇ瀹墮兘鐭ラ亾錛岄栭〉涓鑸閮戒互鈥渋ndex.html鈥濇垨鈥渋ndex.htm鈥濅綔涓烘枃浠跺悕銆傚綋璁劇疆涓鴻繖涓ょ嶆枃浠跺悕涔嬪悗錛屽彧瑕佺敤鎴峰彂鍑篧EB璇鋒眰錛屽嵆灝嗚皟鍏ヤ互鈥渋ndex.html鈥濇垨鈥渋ndex.htm鈥濆懡鍚嶇殑涓婚〉銆傛牸寮忓傦細DirecotryIndex index.html index.htm銆
緇忚繃浠ヤ笂綆鍗曠殑閰嶇疆鍚庯紝浣犵殑WEB鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ凡緇忓叿澶囧熀鏈鐨勫姛鑳戒簡銆傛帴涓嬫潵瑕佸仛鐨勫氨鏄閲嶅惎WEB鏈嶅姟錛屼嬌鍒氭墠鐨勯厤緗鐢熸晥錛屾垜浠鍙浠ョ敤浠ヤ笅鍛戒護鏉ュ畬鎴愶細
/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart
鏈鍚庯紝鎴戜滑鏉ョ湅鐪嬪熀浜嶢pache鏈嶅姟鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ柟闈銆侫pache鏈嶅姟鍣ㄩ氳繃璁よ瘉緋葷粺鑳芥帶鍒跺摢浜涗富鏈哄彲浠ヨ塊棶鏌愪簺鐗瑰畾鐨勭珯鐐廣傚叿浣撴潵璇達紝瀹冮氳繃涓ょ嶆柟寮忔潵瀹炵幇錛
涓縐嶆槸鍩轟簬涓繪満鍦板潃鐨勮よ瘉錛屼絾鐢變簬鐩鍓嶅ぇ閮ㄥ垎涓婄綉鐢ㄦ埛浣跨敤鐨勯兘鏄鍔ㄦ佸湴鍧錛屽洜姝ゆょ嶆柟寮忓苟娌″氬皯瀹為檯鎰忎箟錛
鍙︿竴縐嶆柟寮忔槸鍩轟簬鐢ㄦ埛鍚/鍙d護鐨勮よ瘉鏂瑰紡錛屼笉璦鑰屽柣錛屾ょ嶆柟寮忔洿閫傚悎濡備粖鐨勭綉緇滅姸鍐碉紝鑰屽逛簬鍏蜂綋鐨勭敤鎴峰悕/鍙d護璁よ瘉瀹炵幇錛屼笉鍦ㄦ湰鏂囪ㄨ鴻寖鍥達紝澶у跺彲浠ュ弬闃呯浉鍏寵祫鏂欎綔榪涗竴姝ュ︿範銆
Ⅲ Linux怎麼搭建Web伺服器
1.開始說明
本教程中使用的IP地址是192.168.0.100,主機名稱為Server1.example.com 這些設置可能會有所不同,你需要根據不同情況進行修改。
CentOS 6.2下安裝MySQL
2.開始安裝MySQL5
首先我們應該先用下面的命令安裝MySQL:
yum install mysql mysql-server
然後我們需要創建MySQL系統的啟動鍵鏈接啟動MySQL伺服器,這樣以便於MySQL在系統啟動時自動啟動
chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
為MySQL root帳戶設置密碼:
mysql_secure_installation
會出現下面的一系列提示:
root@server1 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] <-- ENTER
New password: <-- yourrootsqlpassword
Re-enter new password: <-- yourrootsqlpassword
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
proction environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <-- ENTER
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <-- ENTER
... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a proction environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <-- ENTER
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <-- ENTER
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
[root@server1 ~]#
CentOS 6.2下安裝Apache
3.安裝阿帕奇2
Apache2的是作為一個CentOS的軟體包,因此我們可以直接用下面命令安裝它:
yum install httpd
現在配置系統在引導時啟動Apache
chkconfig --levels 235 httpd on
並啟動Apache
/etc/init.d/httpd start
現在,您的瀏覽器到http://192.168.0.100,你應該看到Apache2的測試頁:
Apache 2測試網頁
Apache的默認文檔根目錄是在CentOS上的/var/www/html 目錄 ,配置文件是/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf。配置存儲在的/etc/httpd/conf.d/目錄。
4.安裝php5
我們可以用下面的命令來安裝PHP5
yum install php
安裝完需要重啟
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
CentOS 6.2下安裝PHP5
5.我們可以安裝PHP5和Apache的PHP5的模塊如下:
默認網站的文件根目錄是在/srv/www/html中。現在我們將在該目錄中創建一個小型PHP文件(info.php的)在瀏覽器中調用它。該文件將顯示很多關於我們的PHP安裝,如安裝的PHP版本和有用的一些細節。
vi /var/www/html/info.php
修改細節
現在,我們可以用瀏覽器訪問例如http://192.168.0.100/info.php文件
PHP頁面
正如你所看到的,PHP5的工作,它通過Apache 2.0的處理程序,在伺服器API線。如果你繼續向下滾動,你會看到所有在PHP5中已經啟用的模塊。MySQL是沒有列出,這意味著我們沒有在PHP5支持MySQL。
6.PHP5獲得MySOL的支持
讓PHP在MySQL中獲得支持,我們可以安裝的php-mysql軟體包。安裝一些其他的PHP5模塊,以及您可能需要的應用程序,這是一個好主意:
yum search php
還安裝需要安裝的
yum install php-mysql php-gd php-imap php-ldap php-mbstring php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc
現在重新啟動Apache2的:
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
現在,重載http://192.168.0.100/info.php在您的瀏覽器,並再次向下滾動到模塊部分。現在,你應該找到許多新的模塊,包括MySQL模塊:
MySQL頁面
CentOS 6.2下安裝phpMyAdmin
7.安裝phpMyAdmin
phpMyAdmin是一個網路介面,通過它可以管理你的MySQL資料庫。
首先,我們使CentOS系統RPMForge軟體庫的phpMyAdmin,而不是官方的CentOS 6.2庫:
所以需要導入RPMForge的GPG密鑰:
rpm --import http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
x86_64系統:
yum install http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
在i386系統:
yum install http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el6.rf.i686.rpm
安裝phpmyadmin
yum install phpmyadmin
現在我們可以設置phpMyAdmin,了我們可以改變Apache的配置來讓phpMyAdmin不僅僅只能從localhost登錄。
vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpmyadmin.conf
配置
下一步,我們從HTTP改變的phpMyAdmin的cookie來身份驗證:
vi /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php
修改身份驗證
重啟阿帕奇
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
在地址欄輸入http://192.168.0.100/phpMyAdmin/:你就可以訪問phpMyAdmin了。
phpmyadmin頁面
CentOS可以得到RHEL的所有功能,甚至是更好的軟體。但CentOS並不向用戶提供商業支持,當然也不負上任何商業責任。
如果你要將你的RHEL轉到CentOS上,因為不希望為RHEL升級而付費。當然,你必須有豐富linux使用經驗,因此RHEL的商業技術支持對你來說並不重要。但如果你是單純的業務型企業,那麼還是建議你選購RHEL軟體並購買相應服務。這樣可以節省你的IT管理費用,並可得到專業服務。