⑴ 如何在android的jni線程中實現回調
JNI回調是指在c/c++代碼中調用java函數,當在c/c++的線程中執行回調函數時,會導致回調失敗。
其中一種在Android系統的解決方案是:
把c/c++中所有線程的創建,由pthread_create函數替換為由Java層的創建線程的函數AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread。
假設有c++函數:
[cpp] view plain
void *thread_entry(void *args)
{
while(1)
{
printf("thread running...\n");
sleep(1);
}
}
void init()
{
pthread_t thread;
pthread_create(&thread,NULL,thread_entry,(void *)NULL);
}
init()函數創建一個線程,需要在該線程中調用java類Test的回調函數Receive:
[cpp] view plain
public void Receive(char buffer[],int length){
String msg = new String(buffer);
msg = "received from jni callback:" + msg;
Log.d("Test", msg);
}
首先在c++中定義回調函數指針:
[cpp] view plain
//test.h
#include <pthread.h>
//function type for receiving data from native
typedef void (*ReceiveCallback)(unsigned char *buf, int len);
/** Callback for creating a thread that can call into the Java framework code.
* This must be used to create any threads that report events up to the framework.
*/
typedef pthread_t (* CreateThreadCallback)(const char* name, void (*start)(void *), void* arg);
typedef struct{
ReceiveCallback recv_cb;
CreateThreadCallback create_thread_cb;
}Callback;
再修改c++中的init和thread_entry函數:
[cpp] view plain
//test.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "test.h"
void *thread_entry(void *args)
{
char *str = "i'm happy now";
Callback cb = NULL;
int len;
if(args != NULL){
cb = (Callback *)args;
}
len = strlen(str);
while(1)
{
printf("thread running...\n");
//invoke callback method to java
if(cb != NULL && cb->recv_cb != NULL){
cb->recv_cb((unsigned char*)str, len);
}
sleep(1);
}
}
void init(Callback *cb)
{
pthread_t thread;
//pthread_create(&thread,NULL,thread_entry,(void *)NULL);
if(cb != NULL && cb->create_thread_cb != NULL)
{
cb->create_thread_cb("thread",thread_entry,(void *)cb);
}
}
然後在jni中實現回調函數,以及其他實現:
[cpp] view plain
//jni_test.c
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <jni.h>
#include <JNIHelp.h>
#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
#include "test.h"
#define RADIO_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAME "com/tonny/Test"
using namespace android;
static jobject mCallbacksObj = NULL;
static jmethodID method_receive;
static void (JNIEnv* env, const char* methodName) {
if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
LOGE("An exception was thrown by callback '%s'.", methodName);
LOGE_EX(env);
env->ExceptionClear();
}
}
static void receive_callback(unsigned char *buf, int len)
{
int i;
JNIEnv* env = AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv();
jcharArray array = env->NewCharArray(len);
jchar *pArray ;
if(array == NULL){
LOGE("receive_callback: NewCharArray error.");
return;
}
pArray = (jchar*)calloc(len, sizeof(jchar));
if(pArray == NULL){
LOGE("receive_callback: calloc error.");
return;
}
// buffer to jchar array
for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
*(pArray + i) = *(buf + i);
}
// buffer to jcharArray
env->SetCharArrayRegion(array,0,len,pArray);
//invoke java callback method
env->CallVoidMethod(mCallbacksObj, method_receive,array,len);
//release resource
env->DeleteLocalRef(array);
free(pArray);
pArray = NULL;
(env, __FUNCTION__);
}
static pthread_t create_thread_callback(const char* name, void (*start)(void *), void* arg)
{
return (pthread_t)AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread(name, start, arg);
}
static Callback mCallbacks = {
receive_callback,
create_thread_callback
};
static void jni_class_init_native
(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz)
{
method_receive = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "Receive", "([CI)V");
}
static int jni_init
(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj)
{
if (!mCallbacksObj)
mCallbacksObj = env->NewGlobalRef(obj);
return init(&mCallbacks);
}
static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
{ "class_init_native", "()V", (void *)jni_class_init_native },
{ "native_init", "()I", (void *)jni_init },
};
static int registerMethods(JNIEnv* env) {
const char* const kClassName = RADIO_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAME;
jclass clazz;
/* look up the class */
clazz = env->FindClass(kClassName);
if (clazz == NULL) {
LOGE("Can't find class %s/n", kClassName);
return -1;
}
/* register all the methods */
if (env->RegisterNatives(clazz,gMethods,sizeof(gMethods)/sizeof(gMethods[0])) != JNI_OK)
{
LOGE("Failed registering methods for %s/n", kClassName);
return -1;
}
/* fill out the rest of the ID cache */
return 0;
}
jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved) {
JNIEnv* env = NULL;
jint result = -1;
LOGI("Radio JNI_OnLoad");
if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK) {
LOGE("ERROR: GetEnv failed/n");
goto fail;
}
if(env == NULL){
goto fail;
}
if (registerMethods(env) != 0) {
LOGE("ERROR: PlatformLibrary native registration failed/n");
goto fail;
}
/* success -- return valid version number */
result = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
fail:
return result;
}
jni的Android.mk文件中共享庫設置為:
[cpp] view plain
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog libcutils libandroid_runtime libnativehelper
最後再實現Java中的Test類:
[java] view plain
//com.tonny.Test.java
public class Test {
static{
try {
System.loadLibrary("test");
class_init_native();
} catch(UnsatisfiedLinkError ule){
System.err.println("WARNING: Could not load library libtest.so!");
}
}
public int initialize() {
return native_radio_init();
}
public void Receive(char buffer[],int length){
String msg = new String(buffer);
msg = "received from jni callback" + msg;
Log.d("Test", msg);
}
protected static native void class_init_native();
protected native int native_init();
}
⑵ android的jni放哪個文件夾
原java語言編寫的類仍放工程的src文件目錄下,方法用native關鍵字進行修飾,編譯後生成.class文件,在java類中通過靜態塊引入其調用的本地方法,引入如下:
public class Test{
static {
system.loadlibrary("name"); //引入動態庫的名字
}
public native int hello(String str[]);
}
通過用C語言編寫的JNI方法的頭文件要包含java類通過java -h進行編譯後的頭文件。編寫完JNI方法後,通過編譯工具生成動態庫文件(name.dll文件或name.so文件)(例如可把其放到jdk\bin目錄下,也可把動態庫放到工程同classes同文件夾的目錄下),把該文件放於系統環境變數path中路徑所在文件中,即可引入。
⑶ android 怎麼調用jni裡面的方法
調用jni裡面的方法,過程如下:
第一步:
使用Java編寫HelloWorld 的Android應用程序:
package com.lucyfyr;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
public class HelloWorld extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Log.v("fresne", printJNI("I am HelloWorld Activity"));
}
static
{
//載入庫文件
System.loadLibrary("HelloWorldJni");
}
//聲明原生函數 參數為String類型 返回類型為String
private native String printJNI(String inputStr);
}
這一步我們可以使用eclipse來生成一個App;
因為eclipse會自動為我們編譯此Java文件,後面要是用到。
第二步:
生成共享庫的頭文件:
進入到eclipse生成的Android Project中 :/HelloWorld/bin/classes/com/lucyfyr/ 下:
可以看到裡面後很多後綴為.class的文件,就是eclipse為我們自動編譯好了的java文件,其中就有:
HelloWorld.class文件。
退回到classes一級目錄:/HelloWorld/bin/classes/
執行如下命令:
javah com.lucyfyr.HelloWorld
生成文件:com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld.h
/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
#include <jni.h>
/* Header for class com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld */
#ifndef _Included_com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld
#define _Included_com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
* Class: com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld
* Method: printJNI
* Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;
*/
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld_printJNI
(JNIEnv *, jobject, jstring);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif
可以看到自動生成對應的函數:Java_com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld_printJNI
Java_ + 包名(com.lucyfyr) + 類名(HelloWorld) + 介面名(printJNI):必須要按此JNI規范來操作;
java虛擬機就可以在com.simon.HelloWorld類調用printJNI介面的時候自動找到這個C實現的Native函數調用。
當然函數名太長,可以在.c文件中通過函數名映射表來實現簡化。
第三步:
實現JNI原生函數源文件:
新建com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld.c文件:
⑷ android 怎麼封裝jni
一、底層實現:
c文件:hardware/libhardware_legacy/power/power.c
以其中set_screen_state(int)函數為例
其Android.mk中添加:
LOCAL_MODULE:= libpower 編譯成lib
LOCAL_SRC_FILES += power.c
hardware/libhardware_legacy/power/power.c
1: int
2: set_screen_state(int on)
3: {
4: QEMU_FALLBACK(set_screen_state(on));
5:
6: LOGI("*** set_screen_state %d", on);
7:
8: initialize_fds();
9:
10: //LOGI("go_to_sleep eventTime=%lld now=%lld g_error=%s\n", eventTime,
11: // systemTime(), strerror(g_error));
12:
13: if (g_error)
14: goto failure;
15:
16: char buf[32];
17: int len;
18: if(on)
19: len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", on_state);
20: else
21: len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", off_state);
22:
23: buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
24: len = write(g_fds[REQUEST_STATE], buf, len);
25: if(len < 0) {
26: failure:
27: LOGE("Failed setting last user activity: g_error=%d\n", g_error);
28: }
29: return 0;
30: }
其頭文件power.h中:
1: #if__cplusplus
2: extern "C" { //注1
3: #endif
4: enum {
5: PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK = 1, // the cpu stays on, but the screen is off
6: FULL_WAKE_LOCK = 2 // the screen is also on
7: };
8:
9: // while you have a lock held, the device will stay on at least at the
10: // level you request.
11: int acquire_wake_lock(int lock, const char* id);
12: int release_wake_lock(const char* id);
13:
14: // true if you want the screen on, false if you want it off
15: int set_screen_state(int on);
16:
17: // set how long to stay awake after the last user activity in seconds
18: int set_last_user_activity_timeout(int64_t delay);
19:
20:
21: #if __cplusplus
22: } // extern "C"
23: #endif
注1:
注1:extern表示其他的類已經定義了這段代碼裡面的內容,這里只是做聲明。
"C」表示的一種編譯和連接規約,這里為下一步c++調用其做准備.
比如void foo(int,int);該函數被C編譯器編譯後在庫中的名字為_foo,
而C++編譯器則會產生像_foo_int_int之類的名字用來支持函數重載和類型安全連接。
由於編譯後的名字不同,C++程序不能直接調用C函數。
因此C++提供了一個C連接交換指定符號extern「C」來解決這個問題而不是一種語言。
C表示這段代碼可以是符合C語言的編譯和連接規約的任何語言,如Fortran、assembler等。
二、cpp構成jni橋梁
一個CPP文件調用之,則需添加其頭文件,比如frameworks/base/core/jni/android_os_Power.cpp.
1: #include "JNIHelp.h"
2: #include "jni.h"
3: #include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
4: #include <hardware_legacy/power.h>
5: namespace android{
6: ....
7:
8: //定義函數:
9: static int setScreenState(JNIEnv *env, jobject clazz, jboolean on)
10: {
11: return set_screen_state(on);//以此實現cpp到c的調用
12: }
13:
14: static JNINativeMethod method_table[] = {//此處實現java對cpp的調用轉化 注2
15: { "acquireWakeLock", "(ILjava/lang/String;)V", (void*)acquireWakeLock },
16: { "releaseWakeLock", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", (void*)releaseWakeLock },
17: { "setLastUserActivityTimeout", "(J)I", (void*)setLastUserActivityTimeout },
18: { "setScreenState", "(Z)I", (void*)setScreenState },
19: { "shutdown", "()V", (void*)android_os_Power_shutdown },
20: { "rebootNative", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", (void*)android_os_Power_reboot },
21: };
22: int register_android_os_Power(JNIEnv *env) //此處注冊jni
23: { //向VM(即AndroidRuntime)登記 gMethods[]表格所含的本地函數
24: return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
25: env, "android/os/Power",
26: method_table, NELEM(method_table));
27: }
28: };
注2:
typedef struct {
const char* name; //Java中函數的名字
const char* signature; //用字元串是描述了函數的參數和返回值
void* fnPtr; //函數指針,指向C函數
} JNINativeMethod;
其中比較難以理解的是第二個參數,例如
"()V"
"(II)V"
"(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"
實際上這些字元是與函數的參數類型一一對應的。
"()" 中的字元表示參數,後面的則代表返回值。例如"()V" 就表示void Func();
"(II)V" 表示 void Func(int, int);
具體的每一個字元的對應關系如下
字元 Java類型 C類型
V void void
Z jboolean boolean
I jint int
J jlong long
D jdouble double
F jfloat float
B jbyte byte
C jchar char
S jshort short
數組則以"["開始,用兩個字元表示
[I jintArray int[]
[F jfloatArray float[]
[B jbyteArray byte[]
[C jcharArray char[]
[S jshortArray short[]
[D jdoubleArray double[]
[J jlongArray long[]
[Z jbooleanArray boolean[]
上面的都是基本類型。如果Java函數的參數是class,則以"L"開頭,以";"結尾中間是用"/" 隔開的包及類名。而其對應的C函數名的參數則為jobject. 一個例外是String類,其對應的類為jstring
Ljava/lang/String; String jstring
Ljava/net/Socket; Socket jobject
如果JAVA函數位於一個嵌入類,則用$作為類名間的分隔符。
例如 "(Ljava/lang/String;Landroid/os/FileUtils$FileStatus;)Z"
三、java的封裝實現
frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/Power.java //此處路徑跟cpp中注冊jni處的路徑是一致的.待細研究是否有關系
1: package android.os;
2: public class Power
3: {
4: ...
5: public static native int setScreenState(boolean on); //被native修飾的表示調用了非java語言的本地方法
6: ...
7: }
四、java中對其調用
frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/PowerManagerService.java
import android.os.Power;
public class PowerManagerService extends IPowerManager.Stub
implements LocalPowerManager, Watchdog.Monitor {
...
int err = Power.setScreenState(on);
...
}
⑸ android ndk編譯jni vector<string> 怎麼返回
加入頭文件 #include 函數 __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO,LOG_TAG,TITLE) 第一個參數ANDROID_LOG_INFO(還有ANDROID_LOG_ERROR等),表示什麼類型 的輸出,上面的函數相當於android的java代碼的Log.i(LOG_TAG,TITLE),第二個參數就是logc...
⑹ 如何在android的jni線程中實現回調
jni回調是指在c/c++代碼中調用java函數,當在c/c++的線程中執行回調函數時,會導致回調失敗。
其中一種在Android系統的解決方案是:
把c/c++中所有線程的創建,由pthread_create函數替換為由Java層的創建線程的函數AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread。
假設有c++函數:
[cpp] view plain
void *thread_entry(void *args)
{
while(1)
{
printf("thread running...\n");
sleep(1);
}
}
void init()
{
pthread_t thread;
pthread_create(&thread,NULL,thread_entry,(void *)NULL);
}
init()函數創建一個線程,需要在該線程中調用java類Test的回調函數Receive:
[cpp] view plain
public void Receive(char buffer[],int length){
String msg = new String(buffer);
msg = "received from jni callback:" + msg;
Log.d("Test", msg);
}
首先在c++中定義回調函數指針:
[cpp] view plain
//test.h
#include <pthread.h>
//function type for receiving data from native
typedef void (*ReceiveCallback)(unsigned char *buf, int len);
/** Callback for creating a thread that can call into the Java framework code.
* This must be used to create any threads that report events up to the framework.
*/
typedef pthread_t (* CreateThreadCallback)(const char* name, void (*start)(void *), void* arg);
typedef struct{
ReceiveCallback recv_cb;
CreateThreadCallback create_thread_cb;
}Callback;
再修改c++中的init和thread_entry函數:
[cpp] view plain
//test.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "test.h"
void *thread_entry(void *args)
{
char *str = "i'm happy now";
Callback cb = NULL;
int len;
if(args != NULL){
cb = (Callback *)args;
}
len = strlen(str);
while(1)
{
printf("thread running...\n");
//invoke callback method to java
if(cb != NULL && cb->recv_cb != NULL){
cb->recv_cb((unsigned char*)str, len);
}
sleep(1);
}
}
void init(Callback *cb)
{
pthread_t thread;
//pthread_create(&thread,NULL,thread_entry,(void *)NULL);
if(cb != NULL && cb->create_thread_cb != NULL)
{
cb->create_thread_cb("thread",thread_entry,(void *)cb);
}
}
然後在jni中實現回調函數,以及其他實現:
[cpp] view plain
//jni_test.c
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <jni.h>
#include <JNIHelp.h>
#include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
#include "test.h"
#define RADIO_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAME "com/tonny/Test"
using namespace android;
static jobject mCallbacksObj = NULL;
static jmethodID method_receive;
static void (JNIEnv* env, const char* methodName) {
if (env->ExceptionCheck()) {
LOGE("An exception was thrown by callback '%s'.", methodName);
LOGE_EX(env);
env->ExceptionClear();
}
}
static void receive_callback(unsigned char *buf, int len)
{
int i;
JNIEnv* env = AndroidRuntime::getJNIEnv();
jcharArray array = env->NewCharArray(len);
jchar *pArray ;
if(array == NULL){
LOGE("receive_callback: NewCharArray error.");
return;
}
pArray = (jchar*)calloc(len, sizeof(jchar));
if(pArray == NULL){
LOGE("receive_callback: calloc error.");
return;
}
// buffer to jchar array
for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
*(pArray + i) = *(buf + i);
}
// buffer to jcharArray
env->SetCharArrayRegion(array,0,len,pArray);
//invoke java callback method
env->CallVoidMethod(mCallbacksObj, method_receive,array,len);
//release resource
env->DeleteLocalRef(array);
free(pArray);
pArray = NULL;
(env, __FUNCTION__);
}
static pthread_t create_thread_callback(const char* name, void (*start)(void *), void* arg)
{
return (pthread_t)AndroidRuntime::createJavaThread(name, start, arg);
}
static Callback mCallbacks = {
receive_callback,
create_thread_callback
};
static void jni_class_init_native
(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz)
{
method_receive = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "Receive", "([CI)V");
}
static int jni_init
(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj)
{
if (!mCallbacksObj)
mCallbacksObj = env->NewGlobalRef(obj);
return init(&mCallbacks);
}
static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
{ "class_init_native", "()V", (void *)jni_class_init_native },
{ "native_init", "()I", (void *)jni_init },
};
static int registerMethods(JNIEnv* env) {
const char* const kClassName = RADIO_PROVIDER_CLASS_NAME;
jclass clazz;
/* look up the class */
clazz = env->FindClass(kClassName);
if (clazz == NULL) {
LOGE("Can't find class %s/n", kClassName);
return -1;
}
/* register all the methods */
if (env->RegisterNatives(clazz,gMethods,sizeof(gMethods)/sizeof(gMethods[0])) != JNI_OK)
{
LOGE("Failed registering methods for %s/n", kClassName);
return -1;
}
/* fill out the rest of the ID cache */
return 0;
}
jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved) {
JNIEnv* env = NULL;
jint result = -1;
LOGI("Radio JNI_OnLoad");
if (vm->GetEnv((void**) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK) {
LOGE("ERROR: GetEnv failed/n");
goto fail;
}
if(env == NULL){
goto fail;
}
if (registerMethods(env) != 0) {
LOGE("ERROR: PlatformLibrary native registration failed/n");
goto fail;
}
/* success -- return valid version number */
result = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
fail:
return result;
}
jni的Android.mk文件中共享庫設置為:
[cpp] view plain
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog libcutils libandroid_runtime libnativehelper
最後再實現Java中的Test類:
[java] view plain
//com.tonny.Test.java
public class Test {
static{
try {
System.loadLibrary("test");
class_init_native();
} catch(UnsatisfiedLinkError ule){
System.err.println("WARNING: Could not load library libtest.so!");
}
}
public int initialize() {
return native_radio_init();
}
public void Receive(char buffer[],int length){
String msg = new String(buffer);
msg = "received from jni callback" + msg;
Log.d("Test", msg);
}
protected static native void class_init_native();
protected native int native_init();
}
⑺ 如何在Android下使用JNI
template<typename T>
class init {
public:
init( int n );
};
template<typename C>
class mystring {
};
template<typename C>
init<mystring<C> > something( 5 );
⑻ 如何為Android,Mac和Windows平台創建Java JNI動態鏈接庫
Android1、下載NDK,並在Eclipse中配置路徑:
2、創建一個Android工程hellojni。右鍵工程,選擇Add Native Support自動生成C/C++工程:
3、修改C/C++代碼,配置一下Android.mk:
4、點擊保存就會自動生成動態鏈接庫libhellojni.so。也可以通過命令ndk-build手動生成。
Windows
1、打開Visual Studio,創建一個Win32工程hellojni:
2、在應用類型中選擇DLL:
3、配置頭文件和庫的路徑:
4、點擊build就可以生成hellojni.dll。
Mac OS X
1、打開Xcode,創建一個工程hellojni :
2、framework選擇STL:
3、在build設置里,配置JavaVM 頭文件路徑和庫路徑:
4、點擊build就可以生成libhellojni.dylib。
Java工程中如何使用JNI:
1、申明native介面:
public native String stringFromJNI();
public native static void nativePrint();
2、載入動態鏈接庫:
static {
System.loadLibrary(「hellojni」);
}
⑼ 如何為Android,Mac和Windows平台創建Java JNI動態鏈接庫
Android1、下載NDK,並在Eclipse中配置路徑:
2、創建一個Android工程hellojni。右鍵工程,選擇Add Native Support自動生成C/C++工程:
3、修改C/C++代碼,配置一下Android.mk:
4、點擊保存就會自動生成動態鏈接庫libhellojni.so。也可以通過命令ndk-build手動生成。
Windows
1、打開Visual Studio,創建一個Win32工程hellojni:
2、在應用類型中選擇DLL:
3、配置頭文件和庫的路徑:
4、點擊build就可以生成hellojni.dll。
Mac OS X
1、打開Xcode,創建一個工程hellojni :
2、framework選擇STL:
3、在build設置里,配置JavaVM 頭文件路徑和庫路徑:
4、點擊build就可以生成libhellojni.dylib。
Java工程中如何使用JNI:
1、申明native介面:
public native String stringFromJNI();
public native static void nativePrint();
2、載入動態鏈接庫:
static {
System.loadLibrary("hellojni");
}
⑽ android jni程序(c++)如何編譯適用於arm-v8指令集的32位程序
可以看到Android上層的Application和ApplicationFramework都是使用Java編寫,
底層包括系統和使用眾多的LIiraries都是C/C++編寫的。
所以上層Java要調用底層的C/C++函數庫必須通過Java的JNI來實現。
下面將學習Android是如何通過Jni來實現Java對C/C++函數的調用。以HelloWorld程序為例:
第一步:
使用Java編寫HelloWorld 的Android應用程序:
package com.lucyfyr;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
public class HelloWorld extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Log.v("fresne", printJNI("I am HelloWorld Activity"));
}
static
{
//載入庫文件
System.loadLibrary("HelloWorldJni");
}
//聲明原生函數 參數為String類型 返回類型為String
private native String printJNI(String inputStr);
}
這一步我們可以使用eclipse來生成一個App;
因為eclipse會自動為我們編譯此Java文件,後面要是用到。
第二步:
生成共享庫的頭文件:
進入到eclipse生成的Android Project中 :/HelloWorld/bin/classes/com/lucyfyr/
下:
可以看到裡面後很多後綴為.class的文件,就是eclipse為我們自動編譯好了的java文件,其中就有:
HelloWorld.class文件。
退回到classes一級目錄:/HelloWorld/bin/classes/
執行如下命令:
javah com.lucyfyr.HelloWorld
生成文件:com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld.h
/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
#include <jni.h>
/* Header for class com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld */
#ifndef _Included_com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld
#define _Included_com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
* Class: com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld
* Method: printJNI
* Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;
*/
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld_printJNI
(JNIEnv *, jobject, jstring);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif
可以看到自動生成對應的函數:Java_com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld_printJNI
Java_ + 包名(com.lucyfyr) + 類名(HelloWorld) + 介面名(printJNI):必須要按此JNI規范來操作;
java虛擬機就可以在com.simon.HelloWorld類調用printJNI介面的時候自動找到這個C實現的Native函數調用。
當然函數名太長,可以在.c文件中通過函數名映射表來實現簡化。
第三步:
實現JNI原生函數源文件:
新建com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld.c文件:
#include <jni.h>
#define LOG_TAG "HelloWorld"
#include <utils/Log.h>
/* Native interface, it will be call in java code */
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld_printJNI(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj,jstring inputStr)
{
LOGI("fresne Hello World From libhelloworld.so!");
// 從 instring 字元串取得指向字元串 UTF 編碼的指針
const char *str =
(const char *)(*env)->GetStringUTFChars( env,inputStr, JNI_FALSE );
LOGI("fresne--->%s",(const char *)str);
// 通知虛擬機本地代碼不再需要通過 str 訪問 Java 字元串。
(*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, inputStr, (const char *)str );
return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, "Hello World! I am Native interface");
}
/* This function will be call when the library first be load.
* You can do some init in the libray. return which version jni it support.
*/
jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved)
{
void *venv;
LOGI("fresne----->JNI_OnLoad!");
if ((*vm)->GetEnv(vm, (void**)&venv, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK) {
LOGE("fresne--->ERROR: GetEnv failed");
return -1;
}
return JNI_VERSION_1_4;
}
OnLoadJava_com_lucyfyr_HelloWorld_printJNI
函數裡面做一些log輸出 注意JNI中的log輸出的不同。
JNI_OnLoad函數JNI規范定義的,當共享庫第一次被載入的時候會被回調,
這個函數裡面可以進行一些初始化工作,比如注冊函數映射表,緩存一些變數等,
最後返回當前環境所支持的JNI環境。本例只是簡單的返回當前JNI環境。
http://www.cnblogs.com/bastard/archive/2012/05/19/2508913.html