㈠ 急球C++数据结构 哈夫曼编译程序代码
# include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define MAXLEN 100
typedef struct Huffmantree {
char ch; /*键值*/
int weight,mark; /*weight为权值,mark为标志域*/
struct Huffmantree *parent,*lchild,*rchild,*next;
}Hftree,*linktree;
/*整理输入的字符串，合并相同的项，并求出每个字符在数组中出现的次数 */
linktree tidycharacter(char character[])
{
int i=0;
linktree tree,ptr,beforeptr,node; /*链式 ,tree为头结点,beforeptr为ptr的前一结点,node为新申请的结点*/
tree=(linktree)malloc(sizeof(Hftree));/*创建单链表的头结点*/
if(!tree)return NULL;
tree->next=NULL; /* 头结点为空,且后续结点为空*/
for(i=0;character[i]!='\0'&&character[i]!='\n';i++) { /*遍历直到字符串结束为止*/
ptr=tree;
beforeptr=tree;
node=(linktree)malloc(sizeof(Hftree)); /*新申请结点node*/
if(!node)return NULL;
node->next=NULL;
node->parent=NULL;
node->lchild=NULL;
node->rchild=NULL; /*置空*/
node->mark=0;
node->ch=character[i];
node->weight=1;
if(tree->next==NULL)
tree->next=node; /*头结点的下一结点为空,连接node*/
else {
ptr=tree->next;
while(ptr&&ptr->ch!=node->ch) {/*将指针移至链表尾*/
ptr=ptr->next;
beforeptr=beforeptr->next; /*后移*/
}
if(ptr&&ptr->ch==node->ch) {/*如果链表中某结点的字符与新结点的字符相同*/
/*将该结点的权加一*/
ptr->weight=ptr->weight+1;
free(node); /*释放node结点的存储空间*/
}
else {/*新结点与表中结点不相同,将新结点插入链表后*/
node->next=beforeptr->next;
beforeptr->next=node; /*node连接在beforeptr之后*/
}
}
}
return tree;
}
/*将整理完的字符串按出现次数从小到大的顺序排列 */
linktree taxisnode(linktree tree)
{
linktree head,ph,pt,beforeph; /*head为新链表的表头结点*/
head=(linktree)malloc(sizeof(Hftree));/*创建新链表的头结点*/
if(!head)return NULL;
head->next=NULL; /*新结点的头结点为空,后续结点也为空*/
ph=head;
beforeph=head;
while(tree->next) {
pt=tree->next;/*取被操作链表的首元结点*/
tree->next=pt->next;
pt->next=NULL; /*取出pt所指向的结点*/
ph=head->next;
beforeph=head;
if(head->next==NULL)
head->next=pt;/*创建当前操作链表首元结点*/
else {
while(ph&&ph->weight<pt->weight) {/*将被操作结点插入相应位置*/
ph=ph->next;
beforeph=beforeph->next;
}
pt->next=beforeph->next;
beforeph->next=pt;
}
}
free(tree);
return head;
}
/*用排完序的字符串建立霍夫曼树 */
linktree createHftree(linktree tree)
{
linktree p,q,newnode,beforep;
for(p=tree->next,q=p->next;p!=NULL&&q!=NULL;p=tree->next,q=p->next) {
tree->next=q->next;
q->next=NULL;
p->next=NULL;
newnode=(linktree)malloc(sizeof(Hftree));/*申请新结点作为霍夫曼树的中间结点*/
if(!newnode)return NULL;
newnode->next=NULL;
newnode->mark=0;
newnode->lchild=p;/*取链表头结点后的两个结点作为新结点的左、右儿子*/
newnode->rchild=q;
p->parent=newnode;
q->parent=newnode;
newnode->weight=p->weight+q->weight;
p=tree->next;
beforep=tree;
if(p!=NULL&&p->weight>=newnode->weight) {/*将新结点插入原链表的相应位置*/
newnode->next=beforep->next;
beforep->next=newnode;
}
else {
while(p!=NULL&&p->weight<newnode->weight) {
p=p->next;
beforep=beforep->next;
}
newnode->next=beforep->next;
beforep->next=newnode;
}
}
return (tree->next);
}
/*对霍夫曼树进行编码 */
void Huffmancoding(linktree tree)
{
int index=0;
char *code;
linktree ptr=tree;
code=(char *)malloc(10*sizeof(char));/*此数组用于统计霍夫曼编码*/
printf("字符以及它的相应权数---------霍夫曼编码\n\n");
if(ptr==NULL) {
printf("霍夫曼树是空的!\n");
exit(0);
}
else {
while(ptr->lchild&&ptr->rchild&&ptr->mark==0) {
while(ptr->lchild&&ptr->lchild->mark==0) {
code[index++]='0';
ptr=ptr->lchild;
if(!ptr->lchild&&!ptr->rchild) {
ptr->mark=1;
code[index]='\0';
printf("\tw[%c]=%d\t\t\t",ptr->ch,ptr->weight);
for(index=0;code[index]!='\0';index++)
printf("%c",code[index]);
printf("\n");
ptr=tree;
index=0;
}
}
if(ptr->rchild&&ptr->rchild->mark==0) {
ptr=ptr->rchild;
code[index++]='1';
}
if(!ptr->lchild&&!ptr->rchild) {
ptr->mark=1;
code[index++]='\0';
printf("\tw[%c]=%d\t\t\t",ptr->ch,ptr->weight);
for(index=0;code[index]!='\0';index++)
printf("%c",code[index]);
printf("\n");
ptr=tree;
index=0;
}
if(ptr->lchild->mark==1&&ptr->rchild->mark==1)
{
ptr->mark=1;
ptr=tree;
index=0;
}
}
}
printf("\n");
free(code);
}
/*解码 */
void decode(linktree tree,char code[])
{
int i=0,j=0;
char *char0_1;
linktree ptr=tree;
char0_1=(char *)malloc(10*sizeof(char));/*此数组用于统计输入的0、1序列*/
printf("霍夫曼编码-----相应字符\n\n");
for(j=0,ptr=tree;code[i]!='\0'&&ptr->lchild&&ptr->rchild;j=0,ptr=tree) {
for(j=0;code[i]!='\0'&&ptr->lchild&&ptr->rchild;j++,i++) {
if(code[i]=='0') {
ptr=ptr->lchild;
char0_1[j]='0';
}
if(code[i]=='1') {
ptr=ptr->rchild;
char0_1[j]='1';
}
}
if(!ptr->lchild&&!ptr->rchild) {
char0_1[j]='\0';
for(j=0;char0_1[j]!='\0';j++)
printf("%c",char0_1[j]);
printf("\t\t%c\n",ptr->ch);
}
if(code[i]=='\0'&&ptr->lchild&&ptr->rchild) {
char0_1[j]='\0';
printf("没有与最后的几个0、1序列：%s相匹配的字符!\n",char0_1);
return;
}
}
free(char0_1);
}
/*文件*/
inchange()
{
FILE *fp;
char ch;
if((fp=fopen("e10_1.c","rt"))==NULL)
{
printf("Cannot open file strike any key exit!");
getch();
exit(1);
}
ch=fgetc(fp);
while (ch!=EOF)
{
putchar(ch);
ch=fgetc(fp);
}
fclose(fp);
}
/*释放霍夫曼树所占用的空间*/
void deletenode(linktree tree)
{
linktree ptr=tree;
if(ptr) {
deletenode(ptr->lchild);
deletenode(ptr->rchild);
free(ptr);
}
}
void main()
{ int n;
char character[MAXLEN],code[MAXLEN];
FILE *f1;
linktree temp,ht,htree,ptr=NULL;
printf("一、编码:\n请输入要测试的字符串:\n\n");
scanf("%s",character);
printf("\n");
temp=tidycharacter(character);
ht=taxisnode(temp);
htree=createHftree(ht);
Huffmancoding(htree);
printf("二、解码:\n请输入用于解码的0、1序列:\n\n");
scanf("%s",code);
printf("\n");
decode(htree,code);
deletenode(htree);
}
希望有用
㈡ 用c语言完成：1.哈夫曼编码/译码器2.内部排序算法的性能分析
我把网上的程序修改了一下，并整合了，你看看
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define M 50
#define MAX 100000;
typedef struct
{
int weight;//结点权值
int parent,lchild,rchild;
}HTNODE,*HUFFMANTREE;
typedef char** HUFFMANCODE;//动态分配数组存储哈夫曼编码表
typedef struct
{
int key; /*关键字*/
}RecordNode; /*排序节点的类型*/
typedef struct
{
RecordNode *record;
int n; /*排序对象的大小*/
}SortObject; //待排序序列
HUFFMANTREE huffmantree(int n,int weight[])//构建哈夫曼树
{
int m1,m2,k;
int i,j,x1,x2;
HUFFMANTREE ht;
ht=(HUFFMANTREE)malloc((2*n)*sizeof(HTNODE));
for(i=1;i<(2*n);i++)//初始化哈夫曼树中各结点的数据，没初始值的赋值为0
{
ht[i].parent=ht[i].lchild=ht[i].rchild=0;
if(i<=n)
ht[i].weight=weight[i];
else
ht[i].weight=0;
}
for(i=1;i<n;i++)//每一重循环从森林中选择最小的两棵树组建成一颗新树
{
m1=m2=MAX;
x1=x2=0;
for(j=1;j<(n+i);j++)
{
if((ht[j].weight<m1)&&(ht[j].parent==0))
{
m2=m1;
x2=x1;
m1=ht[j].weight;
x1=j;
}
else if((ht[j].weight<m2)&&(ht[j].parent==0))
{
m2=ht[j].weight;
x2=j;
}
}
k=n+i;
ht[x1].parent=ht[x2].parent=k;
ht[k].weight=m1+m2;
ht[k].lchild=x1;
ht[k].rchild=x2;
}
return ht;
}
void huffmancoding(int n,HUFFMANCODE hc,HUFFMANTREE ht,char str[])
{
int i,start,child,father;
char *cd;
hc=(HUFFMANCODE)malloc((n+1)*sizeof(char*));//分配n个字符编码的头指针
cd=(char*)malloc(n*sizeof(char));//分配求编码的工作空间
cd[n-1]='\0';//编码结束符
for(i=1;i<=n;++i)//逐个字符求哈夫曼编码
{
start=n-1;
for(child=i,father=ht[i].parent;father!=0;child=father,father=ht[father].parent)/*从叶子结点到根结点求逆向编码*/
if(ht[father].lchild==child)
cd[--start]='0';
else
cd[--start]='1';
hc[i]=(char*)malloc((n-start)*sizeof(char));//为i个字符编码分配空间
strcpy(hc[i],&cd[start]);//从cd复制哈夫曼编码串到hc
}
free(cd);//释放工作空间
for(i=1;i<=n;++i)
{
printf("\n%c的编码:",str[i]);
printf("%s\n",hc[i]);
}
}
void huffman()
{
int i,j,k,m,n;
char str[50];
int weight[50];
HUFFMANCODE hc=NULL;
HUFFMANTREE ht;
fflush(stdin);
printf("\n请输入字符(一次性连续输入所求的字符):");/*如:abcjhjg不要输成ab cj hig,即字符间不加空格*/
gets(str);
for(j=0;j<50;j++)
{
if(str[j]=='\0')
break;
}
n=j;
for(j=n;j>0;j--)
str[j]=str[j-1];
str[n+1]='\0';
for(k=0;k<n;k++)
{
printf("\n请输入%c的权值:",str[k+1]);
scanf("%d",&weight[k]);
}
for(k=n;k>0;k--)
weight[k]=weight[k-1];
weight[0]=0;
ht=huffmantree(n,weight);
huffmancoding(n,hc,ht,str);
}
void InsertSort(SortObject *p,unsigned long *compare,unsigned long *exchange)
{
int i,j,k;
RecordNode temp;
SortObject *pvector;
fflush(stdin);
if((pvector=(SortObject *)malloc(sizeof(SortObject)))==NULL)
{
printf("OverFollow!");
getchar();
exit(1);
}
k=pvector->n;
pvector->record=(RecordNode *)malloc(sizeof(RecordNode)*k);
for(i=0;i<p->n;i++)/* 复制数组*/
pvector->record[i]=p->record[i];
pvector->n=p->n;
*compare=0;
*exchange=0;
for(i=1;i<pvector->n;i++)
{
temp=pvector->record[i];
(*exchange)++;
j=i-1;
while((temp.key<pvector->record[j].key)&&(j>=0))
{
(*compare)++;
(*exchange)++;
pvector->record[j+1]=pvector->record[j];
j--;
}
if(j!=(i-1))
{
pvector->record[j+1]=temp;
(*exchange)++;
}
}
free(pvector);
}
void SelectSort(SortObject *p,unsigned long *compare,unsigned long *exchange)
{
int i,j,k;
RecordNode temp;
SortObject *pvector;
if((pvector=(SortObject *)malloc(sizeof(SortObject)))==NULL)
{
printf("OverFollow!");
getchar();
exit(1);
}
k=pvector->n;
pvector->record=(RecordNode *)malloc(sizeof(RecordNode)*k);
for(i=0;i<p->n;i++)/*复制数组*/
pvector->record[i]=p->record[i];
pvector->n=p->n;
*compare=0;
*exchange=0;
for(i=0;i<pvector->n-1;i++)
{
k=i;
for(j=i+1;j<pvector->n;j++)
{
(*compare)++;
if(pvector->record[j].key<pvector->record[k].key)
k=j;
}
if(k!=i)
{
temp=pvector->record[i];
pvector->record[i]=pvector->record[k];
pvector->record[k]=temp;
( *exchange)+=3;
}
}
free(pvector);
}
void BubbleSort(SortObject *p,unsigned long *compare,unsigned long *exchange)
{
int i,j,noswap,k;
RecordNode temp;
SortObject *pvector;
if((pvector=(SortObject *)malloc(sizeof(SortObject)))==NULL)
{
printf("OverFollow!");
getchar();
exit(1);
}
k=pvector->n;
pvector->record=(RecordNode *)malloc(sizeof(RecordNode)*k);
for(i=0;i<p->n;i++)/* 复制数组*/
pvector->record[i]=p->record[i];
pvector->n=p->n;
*compare=0;
*exchange=0;
for(i=0;i<pvector->n-1;i++)
{
noswap=1;
for(j=0;j<pvector->n-i-1;j++)
{
(*compare)++;
if(pvector->record[j+1].key<pvector->record[j].key)
{
temp=pvector->record[j];
pvector->record[j]=pvector->record[j+1];
pvector->record[j+1]=temp;
(*exchange)+=3;
noswap=0;
}
}
if(noswap) break;
}
free(pvector);
}
void ShellSort(SortObject *p,int d,unsigned long *compare,unsigned long *exchange)
{
int i,j,increment,k;
RecordNode temp;
SortObject *pvector;
if((pvector=(SortObject*)malloc(sizeof(SortObject)))==NULL)
{
printf("OverFollow!");
getchar();
exit(1);
}
k=pvector->n;
pvector->record=(RecordNode *)malloc(sizeof(RecordNode)*k);
for(i=0;i<p->n;i++)/* 复制数组*/
pvector->record[i]=p->record[i];
pvector->n=p->n;
*compare=0;
*exchange=0;
for(increment=d;increment>0;increment/=2)
{
for(i=increment;i<pvector->n;i++)
{
temp=pvector->record[i];
(*exchange)++;
j=i-increment;
while(j>=0&&temp.key<pvector->record[j].key)
{
(*compare)++;
pvector->record[j+increment]=pvector->record[j];
(*exchange)++;
j-=increment;
}
pvector->record[j+increment]=temp;
(*exchange)++;
}
}
free(pvector);
}
void QuickSort(SortObject *pvector,int left,int right,unsigned long *compare,unsigned long *exchange)
{
int i,j;
RecordNode temp;
if(left>=right)
return;
i=left;
j=right;
temp=pvector->record[i];
(*exchange)++;
while(i!=j)
{
while((pvector->record[j].key>=temp.key)&&(j>i))
{
(*compare)++;
j--;
}
if(i<j)
{
pvector->record[i++]=pvector->record[j];
(*exchange)++;
}
while((pvector->record[i].key<=temp.key)&&(j>i))
{
(*compare)++;
i++;
}
if(i<j)
{
pvector->record[j--]=pvector->record[i];
(*exchange)++;
}
}
pvector->record[i]=temp;
(*exchange)++;
QuickSort(pvector,left,i-1,compare,exchange);
QuickSort(pvector,i+1,right,compare,exchange);
}
void SortMethod(void)
{
int i,j,k,l;
unsigned long num[5][10]={0};
unsigned long sum[10]={0};
SortObject *pvector;
fflush(stdin);
printf("请输入待排序的随机数个数：\n");
scanf("%d",&k);
pvector=(SortObject *)malloc(sizeof(SortObject));
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
pvector->record=(RecordNode *)malloc(sizeof(RecordNode)*k);
for(i=0;i<k;i++)
pvector->record[i].key=rand();
pvector->n=k;
InsertSort(pvector,&num[j][0],&num[j][1]);
SelectSort(pvector,&num[j][2],&num[j][3]);
BubbleSort(pvector,&num[j][4],&num[j][5]);
ShellSort(pvector,4,&num[j][6],&num[j][7]);
QuickSort(pvector,0,k-1,&num[j][8],&num[j][9]);
}
printf("\n排序比较如下");
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
printf("\n\n对%d个数进行排序，结果为：\n",k);
printf("1.插入排序：比较-->%-7ld次 移动-->%-7ld次\n",num[j][0],num[j][1]);
printf("2.选择排序：比较-->%-7ld次 移动-->%-7ld次\n",num[j][2],num[j][3]);
printf("3.冒泡排序：比较-->%-7ld次 移动-->%-7ld次\n",num[j][4],num[j][5]);
printf("4.希尔排序：比较-->%-7ld次 移动-->%-7ld次\n",num[j][6],num[j][7]);
printf("5.快速排序：比较-->%-7ld次 移动-->%-7ld次\n",num[j][8],num[j][9]);
if(j!=5)
printf("按回车继续\n");
getchar();
}
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
sum[0]=sum[0]+num[j][0];
sum[1]=sum[1]+num[j][1];
sum[2]=sum[2]+num[j][2];
sum[3]=sum[3]+num[j][3];
sum[4]=sum[4]+num[j][4];
sum[5]=sum[5]+num[j][5];
sum[6]=sum[6]+num[j][6];
sum[7]=sum[7]+num[j][7];
sum[8]=sum[8]+num[j][8];
sum[9]=sum[9]+num[j][9];
}
printf("\n\n对%d个随机数进行5次排序，平均比较次数和平均移动次数为：\n",k);
printf("1.插入排序：平均比较-->%-7ld次 平均移动-->%-7ld次\n",sum[0]/5,sum[1]/5);
printf("2.选择排序：平均比较-->%-7ld次 平均移动-->%-7ld次\n",sum[2]/5,sum[3]/5);
printf("3.冒泡排序：平均比较-->%-7ld次 平均移动-->%-7ld次\n",sum[4]/5,sum[5]/5);
printf("4.希尔排序：平均比较-->%-7ld次 平均移动-->%-7ld次\n",sum[6]/5,sum[7]/5);
printf("5.快速排序：平均比较-->%-7ld次 平均移动-->%-7ld次\n",sum[8]/5,sum[9]/5);
free(pvector);
}
void sort()
{
int i;
while(1)
{
SortMethod();
printf("\n是否继续？\n1.继续\n2.返回菜单\n");
scanf("%d",&i);
if(i==2)break;
fflush(stdin);
getchar();
}
}
void huff()
{
int i;
while(1)
{
huffman();
printf("\n是否继续？\n1.继续\n2.返回菜单\n");
scanf("%d",&i);
if(i==2)break;
fflush(stdin);
getchar();
}
}
main()
{
int i,j,k;
while(1)
{
printf("请选择要运行的功能：\n");
printf("1.哈夫曼编码译码器\n");
printf("2.内部排序性能分析\n");
printf("3.退出该程序\n\n");
printf("你的选择为：");
scanf("%d",&i);
switch(i)
{
case 1:huff();break;
case 2:sort();break;
case 3:exit(0);
default:break;
}
fflush(stdin);
getchar();
system("cls");
}
}
㈢ C语言程序设计 ! 关于哈夫曼树编译器
哈夫曼树
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define n 8
struct nodeinfo
{
char
ch; //节点值
int weight; //权值
}node[n];
struct hafftab //哈夫曼树
{
int w;
int parent;
int leftc;
int rightc;
}ht[2*n-1];
void initial() //初始化哈夫曼树
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c%d",&node[i].ch,&node[i].weight);
ht[i].w=node[i].weight;
ht[i].leftc= ht[i].parent=ht[i].rightc=-1;
}
return
;
}
void creathafftable() //构造哈夫曼树
{
int i,j;
int min1,min2; //存放最小下标
for(i=n;i<2*n-1;i++)
{
min1=min2=-1;
for(j=0;j<i;j++)
{
if(ht[j].parent!=-1)
continue;
else
{
if(min1==-1)
{
min1=j;
continue;
}
if(min2==-1)
{
if(ht[j].w<ht[min1].w)
{
min2=min1;
min1=j;
}
else
min2=j;
continue;
}
if(ht[j].w<ht[min1].w)
{
min2=min1;
min1=j;
}
else
{
if(ht[j].w<ht[min2].w)
min2=j;
}
}
}
ht[i].w=ht[min1].w+ht[min2].w;
ht[i].parent=-1;
ht[i].leftc=min1;
ht[i].rightc=min2;
ht[min1].parent=ht[min2].parent=i;
}
}
void disp()
{
int
i;
printf("index--weight--parent--leftc--rightc--\n");
for(i=0;i<2*n-1;i++)
printf("--%4d %4d %4d %4d %4d--\n",i,ht[i].w,ht[i].parent,ht[i].leftc,ht[i].rightc);
return;
}
void Encode() //编码
{
int
i,stack[20],top,pt;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
top
= -1;pt = i; //i表示要编码的元素
while(
ht[pt].parent >= 0)
{
if(pt
== ht[ht[pt].parent].leftc )
{
top++; stack[top] = 0;}
else
{ top++; stack[top] = 1;}
pt
= ht[pt].parent;
}
printf("%2c's
encode:",node[i].ch);
while(
top>=0)
{
printf("%d",stack[top]);
top--;
}printf("\n");
}
}
void Decode(char code[]) //解码
{
char
*p;int i;
p
= code;
while(
*p !='\0' )
{
i=2*n-2;
while(1)
{
if(
*p == '1')
{
i
= ht[i].rightc;
}
else
{
i
= ht[i].leftc;
}
if(ht[i].leftc==-1
|| ht[i].rightc==-1)
{
printf("%c",node[i].ch);
p++;
break;
}
else
{
p++;
}
}
}
printf("\n");
}
void main()
{
char code[100];
initial();
creathafftable();
disp();
Encode();
printf("input
code:\n");
scanf("%s",code);
Decode(code);
}
根据自己的要求稍微改下就可以了
㈣ 哈夫曼编、译码器
这个是我课程设计弄的，也是哈弗曼编码译码器
#include<iostream>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
using namespace std;
typedef struct{
int weight;
int parent,lchild,rchild;
int asc;
}HTNode,*HuffmanTree; //定义赫夫曼存储结构
struct node{
int ASCII;
int n;
};
struct node a[127];
struct node w[127];
//一些全局变量
int count;
HTNode H_T[250];
char ** HC;
char filename[20];
//函数声明
void menu1(); //菜单1
HuffmanTree HeapSort(HuffmanTree HT,int length); //堆排序
void MinHeapify(HuffmanTree HT, int k,int len); //调整成一个小顶堆
void buildMinHeap(HuffmanTree HT,int len); //建一个小顶堆
void swap(HTNode &t1,HTNode &t2); //交换两结构体
void savefile(); //把输入的英文文章保存到文件
void loadfile(); //从文件中读取文章
HuffmanTree CreateHuffman(HuffmanTree &HT,struct node *w,int n); //建立赫夫曼数并存入文件
void BianMa(HuffmanTree HT,int n ); //字符编码
void BianMa_all(HuffmanTree HT,char**HC,char *filename); //整篇文章编码
int loadfile2(); //从文件读入文章
void JieMa(); //解码
//主函数
int main()
{
char s;
while(s!='0')
{
system("cls");
cout<<"\n\n\n";
cout<<"\t\t\t\t赫夫曼编码/译码器"<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\t\t 1.编码"<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\t\t 2.译码"<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\t\t 0.退出"<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"\t请输入0—2进行选择，按回车确认";
cin>>s;
switch(s)
{
case '1': menu1(); break;
case '2':
{
system("cls");
JieMa();
system("pause");
break;
}
}
}
}
//菜单1
void menu1(){
char s;
int i;
int a;
char c;
char fpname[20]="article.txt";
HuffmanTree HT;
while(s!='0'){
system("cls");
cout<<"\n\t\t\t\t编码界面";
cout<<"\n\n\n\t\t\t\t1.输入英文文章"<<endl;
cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t2.从文件中读入文章"<<endl;
cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t0.返回上一层"<<endl;
cout<<"\n\t请输入0—2进行选择，按回车确认";
cin>>s;
switch(s){
case'1':
system("cls");
savefile();
loadfile();
CreateHuffman(HT,w,count);
BianMa(HT,count);
BianMa_all(HT,HC,fpname);
system("cls");
cout<<"出现字符种类共计：";
cout<<count<<endl;
for(i=1;i<=count;i++)
{ a=HT[i].asc;
c=(char)a;
cout<<"________________________________________________________________________________"<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\t字符：";
cout<<c<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\tASCII码：";
cout<<a<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\t频数：";
cout<<HT[i].weight<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\t赫夫曼编码：";
cout<<HC[i]<<endl;
}
cout<<"________________________________________________________________________________";
cout<<"\n\t\t整篇文章的编码已存入文件“赫夫曼编码.txt”"<<endl;
system("pause");
break;
case'2':
system("cls");
if(loadfile2())
{ system("pause");
return;}
CreateHuffman(HT,w,count);
BianMa(HT,count);
BianMa_all(HT,HC,filename);
system("cls");
cout<<"出现字符种类共计：";
cout<<count<<endl;
for(i=1;i<=count;i++)
{ a=HT[i].asc;
c=(char)a;
cout<<"________________________________________________________________________________"<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\t字符：";
cout<<c<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\tASCII码：";
cout<<a<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\t频数：";
cout<<HT[i].weight<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t\t赫夫曼编码：";
cout<<HC[i]<<endl;
}
cout<<"________________________________________________________________________________";
cout<<"\n\t\t整篇文章的编码已存入文件“赫夫曼编码.txt”"<<endl;
system("pause");
break;
}
}
}
//交换结构体
void swap(HTNode &t1,HTNode &t2)
{
HTNode m;
m = t1;
t1 = t2;
t2 = m;
}
//从键盘输入文章并保存
void savefile(){
FILE *fp;
char article;
if((fp=fopen("article.txt","w"))==NULL){
printf("打开文件不成功！");
exit(0);
}
cout<<"请输入英文文章,以#结束:";
getchar();
article=getchar();
while(article!='#'){
fputc(article,fp);
article=getchar();
}
fclose(fp);
}
//从文件读取文章，并统计字符出现频数
void loadfile(){
FILE *fp;
char ch;
int i,k,j=0;
count=0;
for(i=0;i<=127;i++) //把所有字符的ascii码存在数组
{ a[i].ASCII=i;
a[i].n=0;
}
if((fp=fopen("article.txt","r"))==NULL){
printf("打开文件不成功！");
exit(0);
}
ch=fgetc(fp);
k=(int)ch;
a[k].n++;
while(!feof(fp)){
ch=fgetc(fp);
k=(int)ch;
a[k].n++;
}
fclose(fp);
for(i=0;i<=127;i++) //统计字符种类总数
{
ch=(char)i;
if(a[i].n){
count++;
}
}
for(i=0;i<=127;i++)
{
for(;j<count;)
{
if(a[i].n)
{
w[j].n=a[i].n;
w[j].ASCII=a[i].ASCII;
j++;
break;
}
else break;
}
}
}
//调整为小顶堆
void MinHeapify(HuffmanTree HT, int k,int len)
{
int left=k*2;
int right=k*2+1;
int large;
int l=len;
large = k;
if (left<=l&&HT[left].weight<HT[large].weight)
large = left;
if (right<=l&& HT[right].weight<HT[large].weight)
large=right;
if (large!=k)
{
swap(HT[k],HT[large]);
MinHeapify(HT,large,l);
}
}
//建立小顶堆
void buildMinHeap(HuffmanTree HT,int len)
{
int i;
for (i=len/2;i>=1;i--)
{
MinHeapify(HT,i,len);
}
}
//堆排序
HuffmanTree HeapSort(HuffmanTree HT,int length)
{
int i;
int l=length;
buildMinHeap(HT,length);
for (i=length;i>= 2;i--)
{
swap(HT[1],HT[i]);
length--;
MinHeapify(HT,1,length);
}
return HT;
}
//建立赫夫曼数
HuffmanTree CreateHuffman(HuffmanTree &HT,struct node *w,int n)
{
int i,m,s1,s2,k1,k2,j,x,a;
FILE *fp,*fp2;
if(n<=1) return HT;
m=2*n-1;
HT=(HuffmanTree)malloc((m+1)*sizeof(HTNode));//0不用
for(i=1,j=0;i<=n;i++,j++)
{ HT[i].asc=w[j].ASCII;
HT[i].weight=w[j].n;
HT[i].parent=0;
HT[i].lchild=0;
HT[i].rchild=0;
}
for(;i<=m;i++)
{ a=250+i;
HT[i].asc=a;//父亲节点的asc可以是大于127的任意值
HT[i].weight=0;
HT[i].parent=0;
HT[i].lchild=0;
HT[i].rchild=0;
}
for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
H_T[i].asc=HT[i].asc;
H_T[i].parent=HT[i].parent;
H_T[i].lchild=HT[i].lchild;
H_T[i].rchild=HT[i].rchild;
H_T[i].weight=HT[i].weight;
}
for(i=n+1,x=n;i<=m;i++,x--)
{
HeapSort(H_T,x);
k1=H_T[x].asc;
k2=H_T[x-1].asc;
for(j=1;j<=127;j++)
{
if(HT[j].asc==k1)
}
for(j=1;j<=127;j++)
{
if(HT[j].asc==k2)
}
HT[s2].parent=i;
HT[s1].parent=i;
HT[i].lchild=s1;
HT[i].rchild=s2;
HT[i].weight=HT[s1].weight+HT[s2].weight;
H_T[x-1].asc=HT[i].asc;
H_T[x-1].lchild=HT[i].lchild;
H_T[x-1].parent=HT[i].parent;
H_T[x-1].rchild=HT[i].rchild;
H_T[x-1].weight=HT[i].weight;
}
if((fp2=fopen("count.txt","w"))==NULL) //保存赫夫曼树
{
cout<<"文件打开不成功！"<<endl;
exit(0);
}
fputc(count,fp2);
if((fp=fopen("HuffmanTree.dat","wb"))==NULL)
{ cout<<"文件打开不成功！"<<endl;
exit(0);
}
for(i=1;i<=(2*count-1);i++){
fwrite(&HT[i],sizeof(HTNode),1,fp);
}
fclose(fp);
fclose(fp2);
return HT;
}
//逆向编码
void BianMa(HuffmanTree HT,int n){
char *cd,temp;
int c,f,i,j,len,p,q;
cd=(char *)malloc(n*sizeof(char));
HC=(char * *)malloc(n*sizeof(char*));
for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
for(c=i,f=HT[i].parent,j=0;f!=0;c=f,f=HT[f].parent,j++)
{ if(HT[f].lchild==c) cd[j]='0';
else cd[j]='1';
if(HT[f].parent==0)
cd[j+1]='\0';
}
len=strlen(cd);
for(p=0,q=len-1;p<=q;p++,q--)
{
temp=cd[q];
cd[q]=cd[p];
cd[p]=temp;
}
cd[len]='\0';
HC[i]=(char*)malloc((len+10)*sizeof(char));
strcpy(HC[i],cd);
}
}
//整篇文章编码，并存入文件
void BianMa_all(HuffmanTree HT,char**HC,char *filename){
char ch;
int k,i;
FILE *fp,*fp2;
char code[100];
if((fp=fopen(filename,"r"))==NULL){
printf("打开文件不成功！");
exit(0);
}
if((fp2=fopen("赫夫曼编码.txt","w"))==NULL){
printf("打开文件不成功！");
exit(0);
}
ch=fgetc(fp);
k=(int)ch;
while(!feof(fp))
{
for(i=1;i<=count;i++)
{
if(k==HT[i].asc)
strcpy(code,HC[i]);
}
fputs(code,fp2);
ch=fgetc(fp);
k=(int)ch;
}
fclose(fp);
fclose(fp2);
}
void JieMa(){
int i,k,a,t,n=0;
FILE *fp1,*fp2,*fp3;
char ch,c;
HuffmanTree ht;
if((fp3=fopen("count.txt","r"))==NULL) //从文件读出字符总数
{
printf("打开文件不成功！");
exit(0);
}
n=fgetc(fp3);
ht=(HuffmanTree)malloc(2*n*sizeof(HTNode));
if((fp1=fopen("赫夫曼编码.txt","r"))==NULL)
{
printf("打开文件不成功！");
exit(0);
}
if((fp2=fopen("HuffmanTree.dat","rb"))==NULL)
{ cout<<"文件打开不成功！"<<endl;
exit(0);
}
for(i=1;i<=2*n-1;i++)
fread(&ht[i],sizeof(HTNode),1,fp2);
for(i=1;i<=2*n-1;i++)
{
if(ht[i].parent==0)
}
ch=fgetc(fp1);
while(!feof(fp1)){
if(ch=='0')
{
k=ht[k].lchild;
if(ht[k].lchild==0)
{a=ht[k].asc;
c=(char)a;
printf("%c",c);;
k=t;
}
}
if(ch=='1')
{
k=ht[k].rchild;
if(ht[k].lchild==0)
{ a=ht[k].asc;
c=(char)a;
printf("%c",c);
k=t;
}
}
ch=fgetc(fp1);
}
fclose(fp1);
fclose(fp2);
}
//读取文件中的文章，可自己选择文件
int loadfile2(){
FILE *fp;
char ch;
int i,k,j=0;
count=0;
for(i=0;i<=127;i++)
{ a[i].ASCII=i;
a[i].n=0;
}
cout<<"\n\n\n\t\t\t请输入你要打开的文件名：";
cin>>filename;
if((fp=fopen(filename,"r"))==NULL){
printf("打开文件不成功！");
return 1;
}
ch=fgetc(fp);
k=(int)ch;
a[k].n++;
while(!feof(fp)){
ch=fgetc(fp);
k=(int)ch;
a[k].n++;
}
fclose(fp);
for(i=0;i<=127;i++){
ch=(char)i;
if(a[i].n){
count++;
}
}
for(i=0;i<=127;i++)
{
for(;j<count;)
{
if(a[i].n)
{
w[j].n=a[i].n;
w[j].ASCII=a[i].ASCII;
j++;
break;
}
else break;
}
}
return 0;
}
㈤ 求哈夫曼编译器 C语言代码
// huffman.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
#include <iostream.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
const long wordnum = 1000;//最大不同单词数
const long code_len = wordnum/10;
const long wordlen = 30;//单词最长长度
const long codemax = 10000;//最大haffuman编码长度
const long wordmax = 10000;//最大单词数
//str类定义
class str
{
public:
str();
bool operator<(str obj);//运算符重载方便对str的排序使用二分搜索模板
bool operator>(str obj);
str operator=(char p[]);
str operator++(int);//重载后缀方式的＋＋
char *getword();
long getfre();
protected:
private:
char word[wordlen];
long frequence;
};
str::str()
{
frequence = 0;
}
//以下为重载str类中的运算符
bool str::operator<(str obj)
{
if(strcmp(word,obj.word) < 0)
return true;
else
return false;
}
bool str::operator>(str obj)
{
if(strcmp(word,obj.word) > 0)
return true;
else
return false;
}
str str::operator=(char p[])
{
strcpy(word,p);
return *this;
}
str str::operator++(int x)
{
frequence ++;
return *this;
}
char * str::getword()
{
return word;
}
long str::getfre()
{
return frequence;
}
//str类定义结束
//Node类定义
class Node
{
public:
Node();
bool operator<(Node obj);//运算符重载方便对Node的排序使用堆模板
bool operator<=(Node obj);
bool operator>(Node obj);
Node operator=(str obj);
Node operator+(Node &obj);
Node *leftp();//类外获取指向当前节点的孩子的指针
Node *rightp();
char *getword(Node *p);//类外获取节点信息
long getfrequence();
protected:
private:
char word[wordlen];
long frequence;
Node *left, *right;
};
Node::Node()
{
strcpy(word,"NULL");
left = NULL;
right = NULL;
}
//以下为重载Node类中的运算符
bool Node::operator<(Node obj)
{
if(frequence < obj.frequence)
return true;
else
return false;
}
bool Node::operator<=(Node obj)
{
if(frequence <= obj.frequence)
return true;
else
return false;
}
bool Node::operator>(Node obj)
{
if(frequence > obj.frequence)
return true;
else
return false;
}
Node Node::operator+(Node &obj)
{
Node sum;
sum.frequence = frequence + obj.frequence;//指针指向了NULL
sum.left = this;
sum.right = &obj;
return sum;
}
Node Node::operator=(str obj)
{
strcpy(word,obj.getword());
frequence = obj.getfre();
return *this;
}
Node * Node::leftp()
{
return left;
}
Node * Node::rightp()
{
return right;
}
char * Node::getword(Node *p)
{
return p->word;
}
long Node::getfrequence()
{
return frequence;
}
//Node类定义结束
//str类专门用于统计词频使用，Node则用于构造huffman树，由于两者使用的key不同，前者是word的字典序
//后者是词频，于是使用了两个类来实现。
class huffman
{
public:
huffman();
template<typename entry>
friend bool binarysearch(entry list[wordnum],entry target,long bottom,long top,long &position);
template<typename entry>
friend void buidheap(entry a[wordnum], long number);
template<typename entry>
friend void heapify(entry a[wordnum], long high, long low);
template<typename entry>
friend void swap(entry a[wordnum], long i, long j);
bool Stat();
void Encode();
bool Decode(char code[]);
Node update(long end);
void proce_code();
void Inorder(Node *current, char currentcode[], long &num);
protected:
private:
Node SortedNode[wordnum];//从中产生huffman树
char NodeCode[wordnum][wordnum/10];//相应编码
Node root;
bool sign;//用于标记是否已经建立了huffman树
long n;//叶子节点个数
};
huffman::huffman()
{
sign = false;
}
//二分用于统计词频
template<typename entry>
bool binarysearch(entry list[wordnum], entry target, long bottom, long top, long &position)
{
while(bottom <= top)
{
position = (bottom + top)/2;
if(list[position] < target)
bottom = position + 1;
else if(list[position] > target)
top = position - 1;
else
return true;
}
return false;
}
//建立最小堆及调整为最小堆
template<typename entry>
void swap(entry a[wordnum], long i, long j)
{
entry s;
s = a[i];
a[i] = a[j];
a[j] = s;
}
template<typename entry>
void buidheap(entry a[wordnum], long number)
{
long i ,j;
for(i = number/2; i >= 1; i--)
{
j = i;
while(j <= number/2)
{
if(a[j] > a[2*j] || (a[j] > a[2*j + 1] && 2*j + 1 <= number))
{
if(a[2*j] > a[2*j + 1] && 2*j + 1 <= number)
{
swap(a, j, 2*j+1);
j = 2*j + 1;
}
else
{
swap(a, j ,2*j);
j = 2*j;
}
}
else
break;
}
}
}
template<typename entry>
void heapify(entry a[wordnum], long high, long low)
{
long j = low;
while(j <= high/2)
{
if(a[j] > a[2*j] && a[j] > a[2*j + 1])
{
if(a[2*j] > a[2*j + 1] && 2*j + 1 <= high)
{
swap(a, j, 2*j+1);
j = 2*j + 1;
}
else if(2*j <= high)
{
swap(a, j, 2*j);
j = 2*j;
}
}
else if(a[j] <= a[2*j] && a[j] > a[2*j + 1] && 2*j + 1 <= high)
{
swap(a, j, 2*j+1);
j = 2*j + 1;
}
else if(a[j] <= a[2*j + 1] && a[j] > a[2*j] && 2*j <= high)
{
swap(a, j, 2*j);
j = 2*j;
}
else
break;
}
}
//词频统计函数Stat()
bool huffman::Stat()
{
long i,position;
char p[wordmax],*get;
str s[wordnum],current;
n = 0;
while(gets(p) != NULL && strcmp(p,"@") != 0)
{
get = strtok(p," ,.!/-:;?");
while(get != NULL)
{
current = get;
if(binarysearch(s,current,0,n,position) == true && n < wordnum - 1)
s[position] ++;
else
{
n ++;
if(n < wordnum - 1)
{
if(s[position] < current && current.getfre() < s[position].getfre())
position ++;
for(i = n; i >= position; i --)
s[i+1] = s[i];
s[position] = current;
s[position] ++;
}
}
get = strtok(NULL," ,.!/-:;?");
}
}
for(i = 1; i <= n && i < wordnum; i ++)
SortedNode[i] = s[i-1];
if(n < wordnum)
return true;
else
{
n = wordnum - 1;
return false;
}
}
//建立huffman树函数
void huffman::Encode()
{
int i;
sign = true;
buidheap(SortedNode,n);
for(i = 1; i < n; i ++)
root = update(n-i+1);
}
Node huffman::update(long end)
{
Node *p,*q;
Node newNode;
p = new Node;
q = new Node;
*p = SortedNode[1];
swap(SortedNode,1,end);
heapify(SortedNode,end-1,1);//取出了一个最小元，然后将堆进行了调整
*q = SortedNode[1];
newNode = *p + *q;
SortedNode[1] = newNode;
heapify(SortedNode,end-1,1);//又取出最小元，并且把新节点赋为SortedNode[1]，调整了堆
return SortedNode[1];
}
//解码函数
bool huffman::Decode(char code[codemax])
{
int i;
Node *find = &root;
Node *l = NULL,*r = NULL;
bool flag = true;
if(sign == true)
{
for(i = 0; code[i] != '\0' && flag == true; i ++)
{
l = find->leftp();
r = find->rightp();
if(code[i] == '0' && l != NULL)
find = l;
else if(code[i] == '1' && r != NULL)
find = r;
else flag = false;
if(find->leftp() == NULL && find->rightp() == NULL)
{
printf("%s ",find->getword(find));
find = &root;
}
}
if(!((find->leftp() == NULL && find->rightp() == NULL) || find == &root))
{
cout << "There are some wrong codes in th input!" << endl;
flag = false;
}
}
else
flag = false;
return flag;
}
void huffman::Inorder(Node *current, char currentcode[], long &num)
{
Node *l, *r;
char cl[code_len], cr[code_len];
if(current != NULL)
{
l = current->leftp();
r = current->rightp();
strcpy(cl,currentcode);
strcat(cl,"0");
strcpy(cr,currentcode);
strcat(cr,"1");
Inorder(l, cl, num);
if(l == NULL && r == NULL)
{
SortedNode[num] = *current;
strcpy(NodeCode[num],currentcode);
num ++;
}
Inorder(r, cr, num);
}
}
void huffman::proce_code()//利用中序遍历来得到相应的编码
{
char current[code_len] = "";
long num = 1;
Inorder(&root, current,num);
for(long i = 1; i <= n; i ++)
{
cout << SortedNode[i].getword(&SortedNode[i]) << "----" << NodeCode[i]<<" " ;
if(i%3 == 0) cout << endl;
}
}
int main()
{
huffman test;
char code[codemax];
char order;
cout << "显示编码(Show)" << " "<< "解码(Decode)" << " " <<"退出(Quit)" << endl;
cout << "Input the passage, to end with a single @ in a single line:" << endl;
test.Stat();
test.Encode();
cout << "Encoded!" << endl;
while(cin >> order)
{
if(order == 's' || order == 'S')
{
test.proce_code();
cout << "Proced!" << endl;
}
else if(order == 'd' || order == 'D')
{
cout << "Input the codes:" << endl;
cin >> code;
while(test.Decode(code))
cin >> code;
}
else if(order == 'q' || order == 'Q')
break;
}
return 0;
}
㈥ 哈夫曼编码/译码器
注释非常详细，希望对你有所帮助！
#ifndef Huffman_Tree_h
#define Huffman_Tree_h
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
typedef struct {
unsigned int weight;
unsigned int parent,lchild,rchild;
}HTNode, * HuffmanTree; //存储赫夫曼树的结点类型
typedef char * * HuffmanCode; //用于存储字符集中各个字符相应的赫夫曼编码
void strcpy(char *S1,char *S2){ //将字符串S2复制到S1
int i = 0;
while( S2[i] != '\0' ){
S1[i] = S2[i];
i++;
}
S1[i] = '\0';
}
void Select(HuffmanTree HT,int t,int &s1,int &s2){ //在HT[1]到HT[t-1]中找出权值最小的两个S1和S2
int i = 1;
s1 = s2 = 0;
HT[0].weight = 65535;
while( i <= t ){ //遍历查找权值最小的结点S1
if( HT[i].parent == 0 && HT[i].weight < HT[s1].weight )
s1 = i;
i++;
}
i = 1;
while( i <= t ){ //遍历查找除S1外权值最小的结点S2
if( i != s1 && HT[i].parent == 0 && HT[i].weight < HT[s2].weight )
s2 = i;
i++;
}
}
int HuffmanCoding( HuffmanTree &HT,HuffmanCode &HC,int *w,int n){ //根据各个字符的权值构造赫夫曼树HT，将对应的赫夫曼编码存储在HC中
int s1,s2,m,i,start;
unsigned int c,f;
HTNode * p;
char *cd;
if( n <= 1 ) return 0;
m = 2 * n - 1; //赫夫曼树的总结点树为m
HT = (HuffmanTree)malloc((m + 1) * sizeof(HTNode)); //申请存储赫夫曼树的空间
for(p = HT + 1, i = 1; i <= n; ++i, ++p, ++w){ //将各个叶子结点的weight赋以相应的权值，parent,lchild,rchild均赋为0
p->weight = *(w+1);
p->parent = p->lchild = p->rchild = 0;
}
for( ; i <= m; ++i, ++p ){ //将各个非叶子结点的weight,parent,lchild,rchild均赋为0
p->weight = p->parent = p->lchild = p->rchild = 0;
}
for( i = n + 1; i <= m; ++i ){ //构造赫夫曼树，给各个非叶子结点赋值
Select(HT, i - 1, s1, s2);
HT[s1].parent = i; HT[s2].parent = i;
HT[i].lchild = s1; HT[i].rchild = s2;
HT[i].weight = HT[s1].weight + HT[s2].weight;
}
HC = (HuffmanCode)malloc((n + 1) * sizeof(char *)); //申请空间，用于存储指向存储各个字符相应赫夫曼编码的字符数组的指针
cd = (char *)malloc(n * sizeof(char)); //申请用于求赫夫曼编码
cd[n - 1] = '\0'; //编码结束符
for( i = 1; i <= n; ++i){ //逐个字符求赫夫曼编码
start = n -1; //编码在数组cd[]中的最前位置
for(c = i,f = HT[i].parent; f != 0; c = f, f = HT[f].parent) //从叶子到根逆向求编码
if(HT[f].lchild == c)
cd[ --start ] = '0';
else
cd[ --start ] = '1';
HC[i] = (char *)malloc((n - start)*sizeof(char)); //为第i个字符编码分配空间
strcpy(HC[i], &cd[start]); //将cd[]数组的start位置到n-1位置复制给HC[i]
}
free(cd); //释放空间
return 1;
}
以上为第一部分
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "Huffman_Tree.h"
#define Yes 1 //当程序已经调用过初始化赫夫曼树的InitHuff_T()函数，或已从htfTree文件读取过，则将Init_Mode置为Yes，否则为No
#define No 0
void InitHuff_T( HuffmanTree &HT, HuffmanCode &HC, char ch[],int &n ){ //初始化赫夫曼数，要求用户输入字符和相应权值
int i = 1,w[100],tem,j;
char a[20];
FILE *save;
printf("请输入编码字符集的大小n:");
scanf("%d",&n); //获取用户输入的字符集个数
while( i <= n ){ //获取用户输入的字符和相应权值，分别存储在ch[]和w[]数组中
printf("请输入第%d个字符和该字符的权值w:",i);
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c%d",&ch[i],&w[i]);
i++;
}
ch[i] = '\0';
HuffmanCoding(HT,HC,w,n); //根据用户的输入，生成赫夫曼数及各个字符相应的赫夫曼编码，分别存在HT树和HC中
if(( save = fopen("htfTree","w")) == NULL ){ //打开用于存储赫夫曼树的文件
printf("Open file fail......\n");
exit(0);
}
tem = n; //接下来的14行是将字符集大小转换成字符形式写入到文件中
j = 0;
while( tem != 0 ){
tem = tem / 10;
j++;
}
tem = n;
a[j] = '\0';
while( tem != 0 ){
a[j - 1] = (char)(tem % 10 + 48);
tem = tem / 10;
j--;
}
fputs(a,save);
printf("%d\n",n); //向屏幕输出字符集大小n
fputc('\n',save);
for( i = 1; i <= n; i++ ){ //分别向文件和屏幕输出各个字符和相应的赫夫曼编码
fputc(ch[i],save); printf("%c\t",ch[i]);
fputc('\t',save);
fputs(HC[i],save); printf("%s\n",HC[i]);
fputc('\n',save);
}
for(i = 1; i <= 2 * n - 1; i++ ){ //将赫夫曼树各个结点的parent,lchild,rchild分别写入到文件中
tem = HT[i].parent; //将i结点的parent转换成字符并写入到文件中
if(tem == 0){
fputc(tem + 48,save);
fputc(' ',save);
}
else{
j = 0;
while( tem != 0 ){
tem = tem / 10;
j++;
}
tem = HT[i].parent;
a[j] = '\0';
while( tem != 0 ){
a[j - 1] = (char)(tem % 10 + 48);
tem = tem / 10;
j--;
}
fputs(a,save);
fputc(' ',save);
}
tem = HT[i].lchild; //将i结点的lchild转换成字符并写入到文件中
if(tem == 0){
fputc(tem + 48,save);
fputc(' ',save);
}
else{
j = 0;
while( tem != 0 ){
tem = tem / 10;
j++;
}
tem = HT[i].lchild;
a[j] = '\0';
while( tem != 0 ){
a[j - 1] = (char)(tem % 10 + 48);
tem = tem / 10;
j--;
}
fputs(a,save);
fputc(' ',save);
}
tem = HT[i].rchild; //将i结点的rchild转换成字符并写入到文件中
if(tem == 0){
fputc(tem + 48,save);
fputc('\n',save);
}
else{
j = 0;
while( tem != 0 ){
tem = tem / 10;
j++;
}
tem = HT[i].rchild;
a[j] = '\0';
while( tem != 0 ){
a[j - 1] = (char)(tem % 10 + 48);
tem = tem / 10;
j--;
}
fputs(a,save);
fputc('\n',save);
}
}
fclose(save);
}
void Encoding(HuffmanTree &HT, HuffmanCode &HC, char ch[]){ //根据赫夫曼编码将用户指定的文件中的字符编成相应的编码,并将所得编码存储到用户指定文件
FILE *ToBeTran,*CodeFile;
char ToBeTran_Name[100],CodeFile_Name[100]; //存储用户指定文件的文件名
int i;
char c;
printf("请输入所要进行编码的文件的文件名:");
scanf("%s",ToBeTran_Name); //获得所要进行编码的文件的文件名
if(( ToBeTran = fopen(ToBeTran_Name,"r")) == NULL ){ //打开文件
printf("Open file fail......\n");
exit(0);
}
printf("请输入编码后编码表示的信息所存储到的文件的文件名:");
scanf("%s",CodeFile_Name); //获得编码后编码表示的信息所存储到的文件的文件名
if(( CodeFile = fopen(CodeFile_Name,"w")) == NULL ){ //打开文件
printf("Open file fail......\n");
exit(0);
}
c = fgetc(ToBeTran); //从文件读取一个字符
while( c != EOF ){ //对文件中的各个字符进行编码，直至文件结尾
i = 1;
while( c != ch[i] && ch[i] != '\0' ) //在ch[]数组中查找从文件读取的字符
i++;
if(ch[i] == '\0'){ //未找到，c不在ch[]数组中，c无法被识别，程序出错，退出
printf("字符%c无法识别，程序将退出。\n",c);
exit(0);
}
fputs(HC[i],CodeFile); //若找到，则将c相应的赫夫曼编码写入到文件中
printf("%s",HC[i]); //将c相应的赫夫曼编码输出到屏幕
c = fgetc(ToBeTran); //读入文件中的下一个字符
}
printf("\n");
fclose(ToBeTran);
fclose(CodeFile);
}
void Decoding(HuffmanTree HT, char ch[] , int n){ //对指定的存储由赫夫曼编码表示的信息的文件进行译码，翻译成相应的字符表示，并存储到指定文件
int p,i = 1;
char code[1000],c;
char CodeFile_Name[100],TextFile_Name[100]; //存储用户指定文件的文件名
p = 2 * n - 1;
FILE *CodeFile,*TextFile;
printf("请输入所要译的文件名:");
scanf("%s",CodeFile_Name); //获得所要译的文件的文件名
if(( CodeFile = fopen("CodeFile","r")) == NULL ){ //打开文件
printf("Open file fail......\n");
exit(0);
}
printf("请输入译后的字符存储到的文件的文件名:");
scanf("%s",TextFile_Name); //获得译后的字符存储到的文件的文件名
if(( TextFile = fopen(TextFile_Name,"w")) == NULL ){ //打开文件
printf("Open file fail......\n");
exit(0);
}
c = fgetc(CodeFile);
while( c != EOF ){
code[i] = c;
i++;
c = fgetc(CodeFile);
}
code[i] = '\0'; //从文件读取字符，存储在code[]数组中
i = 1;
while ( code[i] != '\0' && p != 0 ){ //对数组code[]中的赫夫曼编码进行译码
if ( code[i] == '0' )
p=HT[p].lchild; //进入左分支
else
p = HT[p].rchild; //进入右分支
if (!HT[p].lchild&& !HT[p].rchild){ //进入叶子结点
fputc(ch[p], TextFile); //将相应的字符写入到文件中
printf("%c",ch[p]); //将相应的字符输出到屏幕
p = 2 * n - 1; //重新从树根出发进行译码
}
i++;
}
printf("\n");
}
void ReadHuff_T( HuffmanTree &HT, HuffmanCode &HC, char ch[], int &n){ //从文件读取赫夫曼树
FILE *htfTree;
char c[100],ch1;
int i,j,t;
if(( htfTree = fopen("htfTree","r")) == NULL ){ //打开存有赫夫曼树信息的文件
printf("Open file fail......\n");
exit(0);
}
fgets(c,10,htfTree); //获取赫夫曼树叶子结点个数的字符串表示形式
i = 0; //以下6行将字符串形式转换成整数形式
while( c[i] != '\n' )
i++;
n = 0;
for( j = 0; j < i; j++ )
n = 10 * n + c[j] - '0'; //求出叶子结点数n
HC = (HuffmanCode)malloc((n + 1) * sizeof(char *)); //申请HC空间
HT = (HuffmanTree)malloc((2 * n) * sizeof(HTNode)); //申请赫夫曼树存储空间
i = 1;
while( i <= n ){
ch[i] = fgetc(htfTree); //读取字符集中的一个字符
HC[i] = (char *)malloc((10)*sizeof(char)); //申请用于存储读取到的字符集中的字符的赫夫曼编码的空间
fgetc(htfTree); //将‘\t’输出
ch1 = fgetc(htfTree); //读取赫夫曼编码，存储在相应的HC[i][]数组里
int j = 0;
while( ch1 != '\n' ){
HC[i][j] = ch1;
j++;
ch1 = fgetc(htfTree);
}
HC[i][j] = '\0';
i++;
}
ch[i] = '\0';
i = 0;
while( i < 2 * n - 1 ){ //读取赫夫曼树的各个结点的parent,lchild,rchild.并赋值到赫夫曼树HT中
ch1 = fgetc(htfTree); //读取parent的字符串形式,存储在c[]中，并将其转换成整数形式，赋给HT[i].parent
j = 0;
while( ch1 != ' ' ){
c[j] = ch1;
j++;
ch1 = fgetc(htfTree);
}
HT[i+1].parent = 0;
for( t = 0; t < j; t++ )
HT[i+1].parent = 10 * HT[i+1].parent + c[t] - '0';
ch1 = fgetc(htfTree); //读取lchild的字符串形式，并将其转换成整数形式，赋给HT[i].lchild
j = 0;
while( ch1 != ' ' ){
c[j] = ch1;
j++;
ch1 = fgetc(htfTree);
}
HT[i+1].lchild = 0;
for( t = 0; t < j; t++ )
HT[i+1].lchild = 10 * HT[i+1].lchild + c[t] - '0';
ch1 = fgetc(htfTree); //读取rchild的字符串形式，并将其转换成整数形式，赋给HT[i].rchild
j = 0;
while( ch1 != '\n' ){
c[j] = ch1;
j++;
ch1 = fgetc(htfTree);
}
HT[i+1].rchild = 0;
for( t = 0; t < j; t++ )
HT[i+1].rchild = 10 * HT[i+1].rchild + c[t] - '0';
i++;
}
}
int main(){
HuffmanTree HT;
HuffmanCode HC;
char ch[100]; //用于存储字符集
int n,Init_Mode = No; //n为字符集的大小，Init_Mode = No 表示内存中没有赫夫曼树的信息
char mode; //让用户选择不同的操作
printf("请输入你要选择的功能\n");
printf("\t\tI -- 初始化\t\tE -- 编码\n");
printf("\t\tD -- 译码 \t\tQ -- 退出程序\n");
scanf("%c",&mode); //获得用户选择的操作
while( mode != 'Q' && mode != 'q' ){ //当用户输入不为Q或q时，执行相应操作
switch(mode){
case 'I' :
InitHuff_T(HT,HC,ch,n);
Init_Mode = Yes;
break;
case 'i' :
InitHuff_T(HT,HC,ch,n);
Init_Mode = Yes;
break;
case 'E' :
if( No == Init_Mode )
ReadHuff_T(HT,HC,ch,n);
Encoding(HT,HC,ch);
Init_Mode = Yes;
break;
case 'e' :
if( No == Init_Mode )
ReadHuff_T(HT,HC,ch,n);
Encoding(HT,HC,ch);
Init_Mode = Yes;
break;
case 'D' :
if( No == Init_Mode )
ReadHuff_T(HT,HC,ch,n);
Decoding(HT,ch,n);
Init_Mode = Yes;
break;
case 'd' :
if( No == Init_Mode )
ReadHuff_T(HT,HC,ch,n);
Decoding(HT,ch,n);
Init_Mode = Yes;
default :
printf("您的输入有错，请重新选择.\n");
}
printf("请输入你要选择的功能\n");
printf("\tI -- 初始化\tE -- 编码\n");
printf("\tD -- 译码 \tQ -- 退出程序\n");
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%c",&mode); //让用户继续选择相应的操作，直至用户选择退出
}
return 0;
}