编译原理词法分析汇报ppt

❶ 编译原理中的词法分析器的输入与输出是什么

编译原理中的词法分析器的输入是源程序，输出是识别的记号流。

词法分析器编制一个读单词的程序，从输入的源程序中，识别出各个具有独立意义的单词，即基本保留字、标识符、常数、运算符和分隔符五大类。并依次输出各个单词的内部编码及单词符号自身值。（遇到错误时可显示“Error”，然后跳过错误部分继续显示）。

(1)编译原理词法分析汇报ppt扩展阅读

词法分析器的作用：

1、与符号表进行交互，存储和读取符号表中的标识符的信息。

2、读入源程序的输入字符，将他们组成词素，生成并输出一个词法单元序列，每个词法单元序列对应一个于一个词素。

3、过滤掉程序中的注释和空白。

4、将编译器生成的错误消息与源程序的位置联系起。

❷ 编译原理 词法分析

C语言词法分析器
#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

FILE *f; //定义一个文件变量
static int line = 1; //表示光标所在的行数
struct ID{ char *name; int count;}id[100];//用于存放ID号码
static int I = 0; //用于记录ID存放的数量
int Number[100]; //用于存放数字
static int P = 0; //用于记录存放数字的个数
int error[100] = {0}; //用于记录错误所在的行数
static int K = 0; //记录错误次数
void Error(); //记录错误
void loginID(char *); //注册ID号
void loginNumber(int &); //记录数字
void noteLine(char &); //记录光标所在的行数
void print(); //输出分析结果
int same(char *chr); //判断单词是否已经存在

void Error()
{ error[K++] = line; }

void loginID(char *chr) //注册ID号
{
int k = 0;
int h = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < I; i++)
{
if(!strcmp(chr,id.name)) //如果单词已经存在
{
id.count++;
k = 1;
}
}
if(k == 0) //该单词不存在
{
h = I + 1;
//I = h;
id[h].count++;
id[h].name = chr;
//strcpy(id[h].name ,chr);
}

}

void loginNumber(int &nu)
{ Number[P++] = nu; }

void noteLine(char &ch)
{
if ( ch == ' ' )
++line;
}

void print()//输出部分
{
//cout << "关键字以及变量:" << endl;
//for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
//cout << i <<" " << id.name << " " << id.count << endl;
cout << "数字：" << endl;
for(int i = 1; i <= P; i++)
cout << i << ": " << Number[i-1] << endl;
if(error[0] != 0)
{
cout << "出现的错误！" << endl;
for(int i = 1; i <= K; i++)
cout << "第" << i << "个错误： " << "第" << error[i-1] << "行" << endl;
}
else cout << "没有错误！" << endl;
}

//文件处理部分
void noblank( char &ch) //跳过空格，回车
{
noteLine(ch);
while(ch == ' ' || ch == ' ')
ch = fgetc(f);
}

void identifier(char name[],char &ch)//字母变量
{

int i;
for(i = 0; i < 20; i++)
name = '';
i = 0;
while (('0'<= ch && ch <= '9')||('a'<= ch&&ch <= 'z')||('A'<= ch&&ch <='Z'))
{
name = ch;
i++;
ch = fgetc(f);
}
loginID(name);
//for(int j = 0; j < i; j++)
//{cout << name[j];}
// cout << ' ';

}

int number(char &ch)//数字
{
int num=0;
while('0'<= ch && ch <= '9')
{
num = num* 10 + (ch-'0');
ch = fgetc(f);
}
if( ('a'<= ch&&ch <= 'z')||('A'<= ch&&ch <='Z'))
{
Error();
}
else if( ch == '.')
{;}
loginNumber(num); //记录数字
return num;
}

void test(char &ch)//符号
{
char str[2]={'0/'};
if(ch == '*')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '.')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == ',')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '"')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '/')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '%')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '^')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '-')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '{')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '}')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '[')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == ']')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == ';')
{str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == ':')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '?')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == '(')
{ str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch == ')')
{str[0] = ch; ch = fgetc(f);}
if(ch =='+')
{

str[0] = ch;
if((ch = fgetc(f)) == '+' )
{
str[1] = ch;
ch = fgetc(f);
//cout << str[0] << str[1] << endl;
}

//cout << str[0]<< endl;
}
if(ch == '-')
{

str[0] = ch;
if((ch = fgetc(f)) == '-' )
{
str[1] = ch;
ch = fgetc(f);
//cout << str[0] << str[1] << endl;
}

//cout << str[0]<< endl;
}
if(ch == '&')
{

str[0] = ch;
if((ch = fgetc(f)) == '&' )
{
str[1] = ch;
ch = fgetc(f);
//cout << str[0] << str[1] << endl;
}

//cout << str[0]<< endl;
}
if(ch == '|')
{

str[0] = ch;
if((ch = fgetc(f)) == '|' )
{
str[1] = ch;
ch = fgetc(f);
//cout << str[0] << str[1] << endl;
}

//cout << str[0]<< endl;
}
if(ch == '!')
{

str[0] = ch;
if((ch = fgetc(f)) == '=' )
{
str[1] = ch;
ch = fgetc(f);
//cout << str[0] << str[1] << endl;
}

//cout << str[0]<< endl;
}
if(ch == '=')
{

str[0] = ch;
if((ch = fgetc(f)) == '=' )
{
str[1] = ch;
ch = fgetc(f);
//cout << str[0] << str[1] << endl;
}

}
if(ch == '>')
{

str[0] = ch;
if((ch = fgetc(f)) == '=' )
{
str[1] = ch;
ch = fgetc(f);
//cout << str[0] << str[1] << endl;
}
else
if(ch == '>' )
{
str[1] = ch;
ch = fgetc(f);
//cout << str[0] << str[1] << endl;
}

}
if(ch == '<')
{
str[0] = ch;
if((ch = fgetc(f)) == '=' )
{
str[1] = ch;
ch = fgetc(f);
}
else
if(ch == '<' )
{
str[1] = ch;
ch = fgetc(f);
}

}

}

int main()
{
char ch;
char name[30];
for(int i = 0; i < 30; i++)
name = '/0';
f = fopen("c.txt","r"); //打开指定输入文件
if (f == NULL)
cout<<"文件不存在！"<<endl;
ch = fgetc(f);
while(!feof(f))
{
noblank( ch ); //跳过回车，空格
if( ( ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z' )||( ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z' ))
{ identifier(name,ch); } //处理字母
else if( ch >= '0'&& ch <= '9')
{ number(ch); } //处理数字
else
{ test(ch); } //处理符号
}
print(); //打印词法分析结果
fclose(f); //关闭文件
system("pause");
return 0;
}

❸ 编译原理词法分析

编译的词法分析，一般是先画一个状态转换图，一般是有多少分支，就有多少if语句，分支里面再分（可能有循环语句）。注意记住词的类别和词的字符串，请以以下代码为例，理会一下词法分析的大致过程。
while(s[i]!='#')
{
while(s[i]==' '||s[i]=='\t'||s[i]=='\n')
{
if(s[i]=='\n')
line++;
i++;
}
if(s[i]=='#')
break;
j=i;
if(s[i]>='a'&&s[i]<='z'||s[i]>='A'&&s[i]<='Z')
{
i++;
while(s[i]>='a'&&s[i]<='z'||s[i]>='A'&&s[i]<='Z'||s[i]>='0'&&s[i]<='9')
i++;
if((i-j)==2&&s[j]=='i'&&s[j+1]=='f')
{
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"if");
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=4;
dancigeshu++;
}
else if((i-j)==3&&s[j]=='i'&&s[j+1]=='n'&&s[j+2]=='t')
{
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"int");
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=2;
dancigeshu++;
}
else if((i-j)==3&&s[j]=='f'&&s[j+1]=='o'&&s[j+2]=='r')
{
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"for");
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=6;
dancigeshu++;
}
else if((i-j)==4&&s[j]=='m'&&s[j+1]=='a'&&s[j+2]=='i'&&s[j+3]=='n')
{
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"main");
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=1;
dancigeshu++;
}
else if ((i-j)==4&&s[j]=='c'&&s[j+1]=='h'&&s[j+2]=='a'&&s[j+3]=='r')
{
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"char");
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=3;
dancigeshu++;
}
else if ((i-j)==4&&s[j]=='e'&&s[j+1]=='l'&&s[j+2]=='s'&&s[j+3]=='e')
{
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"else");
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=5;
dancigeshu++;
}
else if ((i-j)==5&&s[j]=='w'&&s[j+1]=='h'&&s[j+2]=='i'&&s[j+3]=='l'&&s[j+4]=='e')
{
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"while");
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=7;
dancigeshu++;
}
else{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=10;
count=0;
while(j<i)
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name[count++]=s[j];
j++;
}
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name[count]='\0';
dancigeshu++;
}
}
else if(s[i]>='0'&&s[i]<='9')
{
while(s[i]>='0'&&s[i]<='9')
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=11;
count=0;
while(j<i)
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name[count++]=s[j];
j++;
}
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name[count]='\0';
dancigeshu++;
}

else if(s[i]=='=')
{
if(s[i+1]=='=')
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=30;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"==");
dancigeshu++;
i+=2;
}
else
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=12;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"=");
dancigeshu++;
i++;
}
}
else if(s[i]=='+')
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=13;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"+");
dancigeshu++;
i++;
}
else if(s[i]=='-')
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=14;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"-");
dancigeshu++;
i++;
}
else if(s[i]=='*')
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=15;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"*");
dancigeshu++;
i++;
}
else if(s[i]=='/')
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=16;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"/");
dancigeshu++;
i++;
}
else if(s[i]=='(')
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=17;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"(");
dancigeshu++;
}
else if(s[i]==')')
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=18;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,")");
dancigeshu++;
}
else if(s[i]=='[')
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=19;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"[");
dancigeshu++;
}
else if(s[i]==']')
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=20;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"]");
dancigeshu++;
}
else if(s[i]=='{')
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=21;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"{");
dancigeshu++;
}
else if(s[i]=='}')
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=22;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"}");
dancigeshu++;
}
else if(s[i]==',')
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=23;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,",");
dancigeshu++;
}
else if(s[i]==':')
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=24;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,":");
dancigeshu++;
}
else if(s[i]==';')
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=25;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,";");
dancigeshu++;
}
else if(s[i]=='>')
{
if(s[i+1]=='=')
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=28;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,">=");
dancigeshu++;
i+=2;
}
else
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=26;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,">");
dancigeshu++;
}
}
else if(s[i]=='<')
{
if(s[i+1]=='=')
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=29;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"<=");
dancigeshu++;
i+=2;
}
else
{
i++;
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=27;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"<");
dancigeshu++;
}
}
else if(s[i]=='!'&&s[i+1]=='=')
{
dancishuzu[dancigeshu].bianhao=31;
strcpy(dancishuzu[dancigeshu].name,"!=");
dancigeshu++;
i+=2;
}
else
{
printf("\nline:%derror!",line);
i++;
return;
}
}

❹ 编译原理中的词法分析器的输入与输出是什么

编译原理中的词法分析器的输入是源程序，输出是识别的记号流。

词法分析器编制一个读单词的程序，从输入的源程序中，识别出各个具有独立意义的单词，即基本保留字、标识符、常数、运算符和分隔符五大类。并依次输出各个单词的内部编码及单词符号自身值。（遇到错误时可显示“Error”，然后跳过错误部分继续显示）。

(4)编译原理词法分析汇报ppt扩展阅读

词法分析器的作用：

1、与符号表进行交互，存储和读取符号表中的标识符的信息。

2、读入源程序的输入字符，将他们组成词素，生成并输出一个词法单元序列，每个词法单元序列对应一个于一个词素。

3、过滤掉程序中的注释和空白。

4、将编译器生成的错误消息与源程序的位置联系起。